v.(動詞)vt. & vi. 伸開,展開,攤開 become widervt. & vi. 傳播,散布 (cause to) become widely knownn.(名詞)[S] 傳播,蔓延 the act or action of spreading[C] 幅度,範圍 a range or area over which sth spreads[U] 塗抹食品的醬 a soft food for spreading on bread, etc.[C] 整版的文章,整版的廣告 a newspaper or magazine article or advertisement usually covering one or more pages and with pictures
英英釋義
Noun:process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of spacea conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures;
"gap between income and outgo""the spread between lending and borrowing costs"
farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)a haphazard distribution in all directionsa tasty mixture to be spread on bread or crackers or used in preparing other dishesa meal that is well prepared and greatly enjoyed;
"a banquet for the graduating seniors""the Thanksgiving feast""they put out quite a spread"
two facing pages of a book or other publicationthe expansion of a person's girth (especially at middle age);
"she exercised to avoid that middle-aged spread"
decorative cover for a bedact of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or timeAdjective:distributed or spread over a considerable extent;
"has ties with many widely dispersed friends""eleven million Jews are spread throughout Europe"
prepared or arranged for a meal; especially having food set out;
"a table spread with food"
fully extended in width;
"outspread wings""with arms spread wide"
Verb:distribute or disperse widely;
"The invaders spread their language all over the country"
become distributed or widespread;
"the infection spread""Optimism spread among the population"
spread across or over;
"A big oil spot spread across the water"
spread out or open from a closed or folded state;
"open the map""spread your arms"
cause to become widely known;
"spread information""circulate a rumor""broadcast the news"
become widely known and passed on;
"the rumor spread""the story went around in the office"
strew or distribute over an area;
"He spread fertilizer over the lawn""scatter cards across the table"
move outward;
"The soldiers fanned out"
cover by spreading something over;
"spread the bread with cheese"
distribute over a surface in a layer;
"spread cheese on a piece of bread"
spread的用法和樣例：
例句
用作動詞(v.)The radio spread the news as soon as the accident happened .事故一發生,收音機就把這條消息傳播出去了。The rumor was widely spread among the crowd.謠言在人群當中廣泛地傳播開來。She spread her wings and flew lightly down.她展開雙翅輕輕飛下。I spread my arms as far apart as I could.我儘可能地將雙臂伸展開。Who spread these rumours?誰散布的這些謠言?We spread a rug on the grass for the picnic.我們在草地上鋪鎮開毯子,準備野餐。He spread the map flat out on the floor.他把地圖平鋪在地上。Its branches spread far and wide.它的枝條向四面八方伸展開來。But Langston Hughes spread his creative wings even further.但藍斯頓休斯將其創作羽翼更向外伸展。I spread butter on my toast.我將黃油塗在吐司上。She spread the bread with butter.她把黃油塗在麵包上。用作名詞(n.)The current survey will have a wider geographic spread.當前的調查將在更廣泛的地域範圍內進行。The survey revealed a wide spread of opinion.調查結果表明各種意見差別很大.What can we do to prevent the spread of the disease?我們能做些什麼來防止這種疾病的傳播呢?Tv has become a more powerful vehicle for the spread of news.電視已成為影響力更大的傳播消息的媒介。The wings of the bird have a 12-inch spread.這鳥的翼展有十二英寸。The spread of the prairies was indeed a startling sight.草原的浩瀚確是奇觀。Our host had a fine spread waiting for us.我們的主人準備了盛宴在等我們。
常見句型
用作動詞(v.)用作不及物動詞S+～(+A)Its branches spread far and wide.它的枝條向四面八方伸展開來。The afforestation movement rapidly spread.植樹運動迅速展開了。用作及物動詞S+～+ n./pron.Spreading her wings, the bird headed for the island.鳥兒展開翅膀向島上飛去。Dinner is ready. Spread the tablecloth!飯好了,請鋪上桌布!We spread lime where the soil was sour.土壤酸性大的地方我們就撒上石灰。Flies spread disease.蒼蠅傳播疾病。The radio spread the news as soon as it happened.事件一發生,收音機里就播放了這條新聞。The chief of the police force spread the word that he would put to death all the arrested student representatives.警察總監揚言要槍斃這些被捕的學生代表。1The sea, blue and still, was spread before us.藍色平靜的大海展現在我們面前。Fertilizer must be spread evenly.肥料要施得均勻。用作雙賓動詞S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.Please spread me some bread with butter.請給我的麵包上抹一些黃油。S+～+ n./pron. +for pron./n.He spread a blanket for me on the bed.他為我把毛毯鋪在床上。用作賓補動詞S+～+ n./pron. + adj./v -edMany college students spread themselves thin by taking part in many activities during the semester.許多學生在一學期里由於參加多種活動而變瘦了。Standing up, he unbuckled his belt, and spread it laden across his waist.他站了起來,解開腰帶,帶子的一頭垂到腰部以下。S+～+ n./pron. +to- vThey spread themselves to entertain the visitors.他們大肆鋪張招待來訪客人。其他v -ed as Attrib.In the room there was a long table spread with candies, biscuits and fruits.房裡有一張長桌子,上面擺滿了糖果、餅乾和各種水果。In the centre, there was a table spread with every luxury.中間有一張桌子,上面擺滿各種各樣的高級物品。He saw before him a meadow spread with daisies.他看到面前是一片長滿雛菊的草地。用作名詞(n.)The spread of cholera alarmed the whole city.霍亂流行使全城的人都恐慌起來。The spread of disease frightened the villagers.這種疾病的蔓延嚇壞了村民們。The new drug arrested the spread of the disease.這種新葯阻止了疾病的蔓延。We must try all means to block the spread of the epidemic.我們必須千方百計地阻止流行病的傳播。The spread of this bird's wings is 20 feet long.這隻鳥的兩隻翅膀展開長度是20英尺。Our host has fine spread waiting for us.我們的主人擺了一席精美的酒菜等著我們。The sun was now breaking through a fine spread of cloud.太陽穿透了一層美麗的雲彩。These are biscuits coated with chocolate spread.這是一些外層有巧克力醬的餅乾。I like those cookies that are coated with chocolate spread.我喜歡那些裹巧克力醬的曲奇。Your double-page spread seems rather thin in places; can you fatten it out a little?你的橫貫兩版篇幅的文章在篇幅上還是有些單薄,你能再充實一下嗎?This diagram fits well into the spread.這張圖表放在這廣告中非常合適。
He has spread the news abroad that you are leaving.
他散布一個消息,說你要離開了。
spread for (v.+prep.)綿延; 伸展 stretch outspread for sth
The deposits spread for 100 kilometres across four counties.
這些礦藏綿延一百公里,跨越四個縣。
The top branches of that oak tree spread for forty feet.
那棵橡樹的頂部樹枝向四周伸展40英尺。
spread in (v.+prep.)在…中傳開 extend in sthspread in sth
The pests spread quickly in these regions.
蟲害在這些地區迅速蔓延。
The news of this accident soon spread in London.
這個事故的消息很快就在倫敦傳開。
spread on (v.+prep.)在…上鋪上 unfold sth on sthspread sth on sth
An old worker spread his padded coat on the floor and insisted that I lie down for a while.
一位老工人把大衣鋪在地上,一定要我在上面躺一會兒。
spread oneself(平直地)舒展 extend; be extravagant
spread out (v.+adv.)付清 pay outspread out
The wood spread out in all directions.
樹木向四面八方延伸。
A scene of prosperity spreads out before us.
一種欣欣向榮的景象展現在我們面前。
spread sth ⇔ out
Spread the cloth out fully.
把布完全地展開。
The resources are spread out too thin.
資源分佈得極為貧乏。
spread out
Spread out more. Don't bunch up on the centre.
再散開一點,不要都擠在中間。
spread sth ⇔ out over sth
They spread the payments out over three years.
他們分三年把款付清。
They will spread their payment of the loan out over a long period of time.
他們將用很長時間分期償還這筆貸款。
spread over (v.+prep.)分散; 傳開 extend overspread over sth
The disease spread over the whole country.
這種疾病在全國傳播開了。
spread sth over sth
She spread her toys all over her room.
她在她屋裡到處放玩具。
spread throughout (v.+prep.)傳遍 propagate; pass onspread throughout sth
News of their victory spread throughout the country.
他們勝利的消息傳遍了全國。
spread to (v.+prep.)蔓延 extendspread to sth
The flames soon spread to the other buildings.
大火很快蔓延到其他建築物。
The strike soon spread to other parts of this island country.
罷工不久就蔓延到了這個島國的所有其他地方。
spread with (v.+prep.)用…塗滿 extend sth with sthspread sth with sth
Did you spread the bread with butter?
你在麵包上抹黃油了嗎?
辭彙搭配
用作動詞 (v.)～+名詞spread disease傳播疾病spread lime撒上石灰spread the news播放新聞spread the rumours散布謠言spread the table cloth鋪上桌布spread the wings展開翅膀spread the word揚言～+副詞spread breathlessly匆忙伸開spread cautiously小心翼翼地伸開spread conscientiously誠心誠意地傳播spread daringly大膽地傳播spread dramatically出人意料地傳播spread emphatically重點傳播spread energetically充滿活力地伸開spread eventually最終展開spread extemporaneously臨時地傳播spread falteringly猶豫地散布spread fully全面蔓延spread gracefully優雅地伸開spread hesitatingly猶豫不決地伸開spread hurriedly匆匆地傳播spread ignobly不光彩地傳播spread immediately立即伸開spread inadvertently非故意地展開spread ingeniously巧妙地伸開spread insidiously不知不覺地蔓延spread instinctively本能地傳播spread moderately適度傳播spread mysteriously秘密地伸開spread officially正式傳播spread partially部分展開spread peacefully平靜地伸開spread philosophically冷靜地伸開spread politely彬彬有禮地伸開spread regionally區域性傳播spread regularly定期地傳播spread religiously傳播宗教spread reluctantly不情願地傳播spread ruthlessly無情地蔓延spread satisfactorily滿意地伸開spread scathingly不留情地蔓延spread scrupulously謹慎地伸開spread selectively有選擇地傳播spread spaciously寬敞地展開spread strenuously艱難地傳播spread temporarily暫時伸開spread thoughtlessly輕率地傳播spread unceremoniously無禮地伸開spread unconsciously下意識地傳播spread unhesitatingly毫不猶豫地展開spread usefully有效地傳播spread viciously惡意地傳播spread voluntarily自動傳播spread about傳播,傳開去,散放著spread about on the desk(文件)散放在寫字檯上spread the news about把此消息傳出去spread around that story散布傳說spread out伸張,鋪開,擴展,展開,攤開spread out arms伸開雙臂spread out fingers把五指伸開～+介詞spread beyond the walls of the college傳到大學外邊spread for hundreds of miles綿延數百英里spread from...to從…傳到…spread from mouth to mouth眾口流傳spread on在…上塗spread butter on bread在麵包上塗黃油spread over傳遍,遍布,延續,覆蓋spread over the city(消息)傳遍全城spread through the village傳遍全村spread to蔓延到spread to the houses nearby蔓延至附近的居民spread to the other buildings(大火)蔓延到別的建築spread with用…塗…spread with butter在…上塗黃油spread with jam用果醬塗…spread with wild flowers野花爛漫
經典引文
With a sardonic..spread of his hands.
出自：M. Spark
To allow the spread of payment over eight years.
出自：Accountant
A male may..have arms with a spread of 2 1 / 2 metres.
出自：D. Attenborough
A Bannerd Host Under spread Ensigns marching.
出自：Milton
Four partridges..sailed down, spread-winged, into the field.
出自：R. Adams
You see rice spread out to dry.
出自：C. Mungoshi
She..spread out her pad, ballpoint pen, and a box of tissues.
出自：J. Rossner
He spread a tartan rug gently over her.
出自：B. W. Aldiss
A cop got out of the car...'OK...Spread those legs, lean over the hood.'
spread, circulate, diffuse, disseminate, expand, extend, propagate, radiate這組詞都有「延伸」「延長」「伸展」「展開」的意思。其區別是：1.spread指向四面八方擴大範圍。2.circulate指無拘無束地或不間斷地傳播、散布到各處。例如:She opened a window to allow the air to circulate.她打開窗戶使空氣流通。3.disseminate指到處傳播思想、理論等。例如:They use the press to disseminate right wing views.他們利用報刊來傳播右翼觀點。4.diffuse指光線、聲音、氣味等在空中傳送或散布。例如:Light diffused from the window.光從窗戶射進來。5.extend指延展物體的長度、寬度,延伸或擴大某一事物,以及延長時間、期限等,也指伸開四肢或軀體。例如:They extended the road for three more miles.他們把那條路又延長了三英里多。The headmaster extended our holidays by a week.校長把我們的假期延長了一個星期。6.expand指擴大面積或體積,也指把合攏的東西放開(即三維)。例如:This county has expanded its area under cultivation by more than 50,000 mu .該縣擴大了50,000畝耕地。Heat expands metals.熱使金屬膨脹。He does exercises to expand his chest.他做體操擴胸。7.propagate通常指宣傳某種信念、看法或傳播某種言論,以使更多的人相信或參與。例如:We should not only learn knowledge, but also propagate it.我們不僅應學習知識,而且應傳播它。The Greek civilization was propagated all over Europe.希臘文明傳播至整個歐洲。8.radiate指從中心向四面八方散發,是技術用語,特指光或熱的輻射。例如:The sun radiates light and heat.太陽放射光和熱。The electric heater radiated warmth.電暖器散發出熱量。
spread, scatter這兩個詞都有「散布」「撒開」的意思。其區別是：1.spread強調有目的地均勻塗抹、撒開。其賓語可以是具體名詞,也可以是抽象名詞。2.scatter強調隨意性和無規律性,其賓語則只能是具體名詞。例如:The police scattered the disorderly crowd.警察驅散了騷亂的人群。The thundershower had temporarily scattered the swimmers.雷陣雨暫時驅散了游泳的人。
下列各組中的句意相同：We spread the butter on the bread at din- ner.We spread the butter over the bread at dinner.We spread the bread with butter at dinner.吃飯時我們把黃油塗在麵包上。Spread some newspapers on the floor to catch the dust.Spread some newspapers over the floor to catch the dust.Spread the floor with some newspapers to catch the dust.在地板上鋪些報紙來擋塵土。