元旦New Year's Day
情人节Valentine's Day
国际妇女节International Women' Day 植树节Tree Planting Day 愚人节April Fools' Day
国际劳动日International Labor Day 中国青年节 Chinese Youth Day
国际儿童节International Children's Day
中国共产党成立纪念日 Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China
中国人民解放军建军节Army Day 中华人民共和国国庆节National Day 中国教师节Teacher's Day 万圣节Halloween 母亲节Mother's Day
农历正月初一春节(the Spring Festival) 农历正月十五元宵节(Lantern Festival)
农历五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival)
农历七月初七乞巧节(中国情人节）(Double-Seventh Day) 农历八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival) 农历九月初九重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)
农历腊月初八腊八节(the laba Rice Porridge Festival) 春联 Spring Festival couplets 年画 New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cuts
除夕 the eve of the lunar New Year
守岁 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 放爆竹 let off firecrackers 拜年 pay a New Year visit 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 敬酒 propose a toast
红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper) 舞狮 lion dance 舞龙 dragon dance 灯笼 lantern
灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 禁忌 taboo
压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year gift 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors
元宵 rice dumpling 踩高跷 stilt walking 扭秧歌 yangge dance
扫墓 sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones 赛龙舟 dragon-boat racing
粽子zongzi (sticky rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) 月饼 moon cake
赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon
赏菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高 climb mountain
社会篇
小康社会 a well-to-do society 人民生活 people’s livelihood 生活水平 living standards 生活质量 quality of life
住房条件 housing conditions 文化程度 educational level 就业率 employment rate
人均收入 average income per capita 年平均工资 average annual pay 奖金 bonus
生活费用 cost of living
消费价格指数 consumer price index
环境污染指数 environment pollution index
衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 购买力 purchasing power 贫困家庭 the needy family
贫困地区 poverty-stricken region 下岗 be laid off
小康 relative affluence 安居乐业 live a good life 共同富裕 shared prosperity 社会保险 social insurance 助学金 grant-in-aid
赈灾救济金 disaster relief funds 人口 population
人口分布 population distribution 流动人口 transient population 城市人口 urban population
农业人口 agriculture population 出生率 birth rate
自然增长率 natural growth rate
负增长率 negative growth rate 普查 census
户口册 household register
计划生育 family planning/planned parenthood
优生优育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care 自治区 autonomous region 民族 ethnic groups
少数民族 ethnic minorities/ minority peoples 中国共产党 Communist Party of China
历史地理篇
孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Zi
儒学 Confucian School
论语 Analects of Confucius
发明纸和瓷器 invented paper and porcelain 发明火药 invention of gunpowder
发明印刷术 block printing was invented
科举制 Imperial Examination for recruiting civil servants 丝绸之路 Silk Route 长征 Long March
解放战争 War of Liberation
改革开放 reform and opening up 黄河 Yellow River 长江 Yangtze River 珠江 Pearl River 太湖 Lake Tai
鄱阳湖 Lake Poyang 洞庭湖 Lake Dongting 青藏高原 Tibet Plateau
东北平原 Northeast China Plain 华北平原 North China Plain
长江中下游平原 Plain of Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River 南沙群岛 Nansha Island
经济篇
宏观经济 macro economy
社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 知识经济 knowledge economy
网络经济 Internet-based economy
经济规律 law of economy 大规模生产 mass production 生产力 productive forces
生产关系 relations of production 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership
国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业 private business
民营企业 privately-run business
中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业 franchise / chain business
国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 实际增长率 growth rate in real terms
年均增长率 average growth rate per annum 可持续增长 sustainable growth 经济效益 economic returns
投资回报率 rate of return on investment 衰退 recession
宏观调控 macro control
提高经济效益 enhance economic
performance
扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构 optimize economic structure 扩大内需 expand domestic demand
国计民生 national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区 special economic zones
“十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social
Development
风险投资 venture investment 经济繁荣 economic boom
发达国家 developed countries
不发达国家 underdeveloped countries 发展中国家 developing countries 经济交流 economic exchange
跨国公司 multinational corporation 利用外资 utilization of foreign capital 知识产权 intellectual property rights 版权 copyright 专利patent
商标 trademark
互通有无 mutual exchange of needed products 法治 rule of law
平等互利 equality and mutual benefit
电子商务 e-business 信用卡 credit card
信息时代 information age
科教兴国 rejuvenate the country through science and education 研究开发 research and development
高新技术 innovative and high technology 创新 innovation
尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology 普及率 popularizing rate
交通篇
航班号 flight number 头等舱 first class
商务舱 business class 经济舱 economy class 登机牌 boarding card 口岸 customs port 客船 passenger liner 慢车 stopping train 普快 express
直快 through express 直达列车 through train 特快 special express
高速火车 high-speed train 卧铺车厢 sleeping coach 中铺 middle berth 下铺 lower berth
出发站 departure station 中转站 transfer station 终点站 terminus 到达站 destination 站台 platform 地铁 subway 加速 speed up 减速 slow down 超车 overtaking 倒车 backing 刹车 brake
高速公路 highway 十字路 crossroads
酒后驾驶 driving under the influence of alcohol 疲劳驾驶 fatigue driving
教育篇
素质教育 education for all-round development 应试教育 exam-oriented education system 义务教育 compulsory education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher education 职业教育 vocational education 学院 college/institute/school
普通高校 regular institution of higher learning 重点大学 key university 211工程 211Project
减轻学生负担 reduce burden for students 基础课 basic course
专业课 course within one’s major 必修课 required course 选修课 elective course 学分制 credit system
入学考试 entrance examination 入学资格 admission qualification 择优录取 merit-based enrollment 中考 middle examination 高考 higher examination 报名 application/sign up
毕业设计 diploma-winning design/ graduation project 毕业论文 graduation thesis
毕业证书 graduation certificate 同学 schoolmate/classmate 校友 alumni
文化篇
京剧 Peking opera 昆曲 Kunqu oper
中国画 traditional Chinese painting 人物 portrait 山水 landscape
花鸟 flower and bird 草虫 grass and insect
泼墨 paint-splashing style 写意 impressionistic style 工笔 elaborate style 毛笔 writing brush 书法 calligraphic art
书法家 calligraphic artist
楷体 formal script/regular script
行书 running script
宋体 Song-dynasty script 工艺品 handwork/handicrafts 手工艺品 articles of handcraft art 文物 cultural relics/antiques 国宝 national treasure
人民大会堂 Great Hall of the People 故宫博物馆 Imperial Palace Museum 长城 Great Wall 外滩 the Bund
华山 Huashan Mountain 黄山 Yellow Mountain 滇池 Dianchi Lake 洱海 Erhai lake
孔庙 Temple of Confucius 故居 Former Residence 庐山 Lushan Mountain 少林寺 Shaolin Temple
长江三峡 Three Gorges along the Changjiang 黄果树瀑布 Huangguoshu Waterfalls 敦煌莫高窟 Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes 大兴安岭 Greater Xing’an Mountains 小兴安岭 Lesser Xing’an Mountains 天池 Heaven’s Pool 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 日月潭 Lake Sun Moon 发源地 the birthplace 煮 poach/boiled 蒸 steamed
火锅 chafing dish 煲；炖；焖 stewed 煎 pan-fried 炒 stir-fried 炸 deep-fried 烘 baked 熏 smoked
泡辣菜 pickled hot vegetables 北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck 炒饭 stir-fried rice
油条 deep fried twisted dough stick 饺子 jiaozi
汤圆 tangyuan 馄饨 hundun 烧麦 shaomai
月饼 moon cake
烧饼 sesame seed cake
小笼包 steamed dumpling with pork 红茶 black tea 绿茶 green tea 花茶 jasmine tea
茶道 sado/ tea ceremony 功夫茶 Gongfu tea
陈酒 old wine/aged wine 烧酒 arrack
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