1. Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that
the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people
retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people
entering it to replace those who are leaving it. Sometimes a population is described as aging which means
that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly and as people retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it.
有些时候人口可以用老化来形容，这意味着出生率下降或缓慢增长并且随着人们从劳动力群体中退休，没有足够的年轻人补充并替换那些退休的人们。
2. Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on
how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language.
Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on
how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. Translation:
这些语言能否幸存将很可能取决于，文化群体通过本土语言维持群体身份的意愿有多强烈。
3. Ford’s announcement this week that it would cut up to
30 000 jobs
by 2012 was as much a sign of its “legacy”, health care costs, as of
the ills of the car industry．
Ford’s announcement this week that it would cut up to 30 000 jobs
by 2012
(announcement) was as much a sign of its “legacy”, health care
costs, as of the ills of the car industry． Translation:
本周福特的公告说，福特将在2012年削减多达30000个岗位。这个公告表明， 汽车行业的弊端很大，Ford公司承受的“遗产”， 即医疗保险负担， 一样很大。
4. Pushed by polls that show health care is one of his main domestic
problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby- boomer(生育高峰期出生的人)will crush the government’s finances, George Bush is expected to unveil a reform plan in next
week’s state-of-the-union address． Pushed by polls
that show health care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby-boomer(生育高峰
期出生的人)will crush the government’s finances,
George Bush is expected to unveil a reform plan in next week’s
state-of-the-union address． Translation:
民意调查表明医疗保健问题是其国内的主要问题之一，并且预测表明在生育高峰期出生的退休人群会压垮政府财政。受到两个因素的影响，George Bush有望在下周的国庆咨文中宣布一项改革计划。
5. In addition, the practice of tip pooling, which is the norm in fine-
dining restaurants and is becoming more common in every kind of
restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon, has ruined whatever
effect voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter.
In addition, the practice of tip pooling, which is the norm in fine-
dining restaurants
(practice of tip pooling)And is becoming more common in every
kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon (practice of tip pooling)has ruined whatever effect voting with your
tip might have had on an individual waiter. Translation:
另外，小费均摊制的做法是高档餐厅的标准，并且正在除街头小馆儿外的各种餐厅中越来越常见。
现在这种均摊做法正在毁坏通过小费对个别服务生产生的效果。 6. New York judges have not had a raise in 12 years, making the state
one of the more extreme examples of a growing pay gap nationally
between judges and other professionals, including partners at top
law firms, who can earn 10 times the salary of the judge before
whom they are arguing a case.
New York judges have not had a raise in 12 years
making the state one of the more extreme examples of a growing
pay gap nationally between judges and other professionals, including partners at top law firms, who can earn 10 times the
salary of the judge before whom they are arguing a case. Translation:
12年间纽约法官的薪水并未上涨，使得纽约州成为一个法官和其他专家间收入鸿沟越来越大的典型例子，这些专业人士包括那些顶级律师事务所的合伙律师，他们在法官面前打官司，收入却比法官高出10倍。
7. The mayor and the Council, who serve part-time, were still smarting
from last year’s
decision to raise property taxes to make debt payments on projects they had approved
when coffers were flush.
The mayor and the Council, who serve part-time were still smarting
from last year’s decision to raise property taxes to make debt
payments on projects they had approved when coffers were flush. Translation:
市长和兼职的议会议员们去年在国库充裕的时候，决定提高财产税来支付之前批准的项目债务， 现在仍然为当初的决定伤神。
8. Catching up to the reality already faced by many of its
members,
the nation’s largest
teachers’ union on Monday affirmed for the first time that evidence of student learning
must be considered in the evaluations of school teachers around the country.
Catching up to the reality already faced by many of its members
the nation’s largest teachers’ union on Monday affirmed for the first
time
that evidence of student learning must be considered in the evaluations of school teachers around the country. Translation:
跟上已经摆在很多成员面前的形势时，国家最大的教师工会在周一首次确认，在全国范围内，学生的学习必须纳入学校教师评估范围。
9. The National Education Association hopes to take a leadership role
in the growing national movement to hold teachers accountable for
what students learn — an effort from which it has so far conspicuously stood apart.
The National Education Association hopes
to take a leadership role in the growing national movement to hold teachers accountable for what students learn an effort from which it has so far conspicuously stood apart. Translation:
国家教育委员会希望，在日益增长的全国性运动中扮演领导角色，以确保老师对学生所学负责。委员会长期以来一直在回避这种努力。
10. The union also made clear that it continued to oppose
the use of
existing standardized test scores to judge teachers, a core part of
the federally backed teacher evaluation overhauls already under
way in at least 15 states.
The union also made clear that it continued
to oppose the use of existing standardized test scores to judge
teachers
a core part of the federally backed teacher evaluation overhauls
already under way in at least 15 states. Translation:
工会同样明确表示，将持续反对以现存标准的测试分数来评判教师。现存标准是联邦支持的教师评估系统的核心部分，已经至少在15个州推行。
11. The union’s desire both to join and to stand apart from a White
House-led effort to improve teacher performance represents the
delicate situation it finds itself in as it confronts what Dennis Van
Roekel, the union president, called “the worst environment for
teachers I’ve ever seen.”
The union’s desire both to join and to stand apart from a White
House-led effort to improve teacher performance represents the delicate situation
it finds itself in
as it confronts what Dennis Van Roekel, the union president, called
“the worst environment for teachers I’ve ever seen.”Translation:
工会既想加入由白宫主持的致力于增进教师表现的努力，又想保持一定的距离，表明工会正陷入一个微妙的局面，因为它面对着工会总裁Dennis Van Roekel所说的“对教师来说，这是我从未见过的最烂环境”。
12. On Monday, the assembly voted by secret ballot to give Mr. Obama
an early endorsement for his 2012 presidential run, a move that will
allow the union to begin channeling its considerable political resources to the campaign.
On Monday, the assembly voted by secret ballot
to give Mr. Obama an early endorsement for his 2012 presidential
run
a move that will allow the union to begin channeling its considerable political resources to the campaign. Translation:
周一，通过无记名投票方式给奥巴马2012年总统选举支持的举措，将允许工会动用可观的政治资源。
13. The debate over the new teacher evaluation policy largely focused
on the concern that by even mentioning test scores, the union
would further open the door to their use.
The debate over the new teacher evaluation policy largely
focused
on the concern
that by even mentioning test scores, the union would further open
the door to their use. Translation:
围绕新教师评估方案的辩论在很大程度上聚焦于这种关注：只要提及测试分数，工会将进一步敞开使用测试的大门。
14. A century ago a high school diploma was both a certificate of
academic prowess and a ticket to a good job, but in today’s competitive global market employers expect much more — as,
increasingly, do universities.
A century ago a high school diploma was both a certificate of
academic prowess and a ticket to a good job
but in today’s competitive global market employers expect much
more —
as, increasingly, do universities. Translation:
一个世纪以前，高校文凭既是学术实力的认证，又是好工作的通行证，但在全球市场竞争的当下，正如大学的期待越来越高，雇主们的期待也越来越多。
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