如何写记叙文
记叙文，又称记事文或叙述文，以叙述为主要表达方式。有两种：①记事； ②写人。其特点是以事件为依据，对人的先后经历或事件发生的先后过程给予明确的，实事求是的叙述。
记叙文通常有六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果。写这类文章时要条理清楚。描写人物时，要注意介绍人物的身世、经历和重要事迹等。叙事时要描写事情发生和发展的过程，以及事情发生的前因后果等。
记叙文常见的形式有：新闻报道、人物介绍、故事、传记、回忆录等。
【例题分析】
请以“My first family holiday”为题写一篇120词左右的记叙文。内容要点如下：
1．上周六我不上课，爸妈也不上班。周五就计划好了，第二天共同出去度假。因为是第一次全家一起度假，所以周五晚上我很兴奋，很晚才入睡。
2．第二天我醒得很早。我们匆匆吃过早饭，带上早已准备好的食物出发了。
3．我们乘出租车来到郊外的小树林。那里早已有了很多来度假的人。
4．我和爸爸妈妈一起唱歌，跳舞，做游戏，一起野餐。午饭过后，爸爸教我钓鱼，我们玩得很开心。
5．太阳落山时，我们往回走。顺便带走了我们制造的垃圾。
【思路点拨】
首先，确定体裁是记叙文。
然后，联系在第三模块里所学的课文，确定以时间和事件为主线。
最后，构思篇章结构。第一段：准备度假； 第二段：度假的全过程；最后一段：这次度假的感受或体验。
注意本文的时态要以一般过去时为主。
【学生习作】
My first family holiday
Last Saturday, I didn’t go to school, and nor did my parents go to work, so we decided to go on a holiday together. Because it was the first time, I was so excited that I didn’t fall asleep until very late on Friday.
On Saturday morning, I woke up very early. We set off immediately after a quick breakfast. We got on a taxi and got off at the edge of a beautiful wood. There had already been many people for a holiday, and we chose a good place looking like a place from anther world. Father, mother and I sang, danced, and played games together happily. When we felt tired, we sat down and had a picnic,
eating the food brought from home. After lunch, Father taught me to fish, which I enjoyed very much. When the sun began to set down, we returned, taking along the garbage we made.
We had a great time. And what a great holiday!
【点评】
文章作者紧紧围绕外出野餐这一事件，以时间顺序为主，具体描写了全家度假的过程，要点全面，语句通顺易懂，结构紧凑。文中还使用了很多较高级的句型，如so …, that …; … not …until …; There be 结构的过去完成时态；v-ing 结构作伴随状语以及感叹句。
●Q & A名师解惑
Q: 在Unit 1 Friendship 中有这样一句：While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 请问句中的While walking the dog是什么用法？
A: 在本句中，While walking the dog为“连词+现在分词”构成的省略句。在表示时间、条件、让步和方式的状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同，则可省略从句的主语和部分谓语。如：
While (they were) building the tunnel, the workers discovered an underground lake.
当建隧道时，工人们发现了一个地下湖。
Please speak English if (it is) possible and use Chinese when (it is ) necessary.
如果可能的话，说英语；如果必要的话，用汉语。
Unless (you are) invited, you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非受到邀请，你应当在会议上保持沉默。
According to the directions, when (it is) taken, the drug has no side effects.
根据说明书，服这种药没有副作用。
Once completed, this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity.
这个电站建成后向附近的城乡供电。
Even though given every opportunity, they would not try.
即使给他们一切机会，他们也不肯试一试。
Unless (being) rich, I am not going abroad.
除非有钱，要不然我是不会出国的。
【练一练】
选择最佳答案。
1. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced introduced
C. introduce D. being
2. The actor threw himself from the horse, as if ______.
A. to be shot B. being shot C. shooting D. shot
3. Generally speaking, if ______ according to the instructions, the electric-bike is not dangerous as reported.
A. riding B. ridden C. to ride D. to be ridden
Keys: 1-3 BDB
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