1．某些表示静态的与物动词：
have， suit，hold〔容纳〕，cost，suffer，last〔持续〕等。
He has a good car．〔不说：A good car is had…〕他
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有一辆好汽车。
They were having a bath then．〔不说：A bath was being had…〕那时他们正在洗澡。
The shoes don't fit me．〔不说：I'm not fitted by…〕这双鞋不适宜我。 He
resembles
his
father．〔不说：His father is resembled by…〕他长
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得像他父亲。
The shirt suits me well．〔不说：I'm suited by…〕这衬衫很合我身。 The room can hold 500 people．〔不说：500 people can be held by…〕这房间能容纳500个人。 The book cost me five dollars．〔不说：I was cost five dollars by…〕这本
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书花了我5美元。 They
suffered
heavy
losses．〔不说：They were suffered…〕他们损失沉重。2．某些由与物动词转变的自动词(不需借助宾语即可表达动作，区别他动词，需要借助宾语表达动作) 这类动词常见的有： promise〔有指望〕，sell，wash，write，wear，read，
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break out，run out，give out，add up to，take place，turn out〔证实〕，catch〔挂住〕，等。 。
The goods sell well．〔不说：…are sold…〕 这些商品畅销。 The
clothes
wash
well．〔不说：…are washed…〕
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这些衣服好洗。 My
pen
writes
smoothly．〔不说：…is written…〕 我的钢笔好使。 Your
article
reads
easily．〔不说：…is read…〕 你的文章好读。
The Second World War broke out in 1939．〔不
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说：…was broken…〕 第二次世界大战于1939年爆发。
My ink has run out．〔不说：…has been run…〕 我的钢笔水用完了。 My gase gave out．〔不说：…was given out…〕我的汽油用光了。 His
whole
school
education added up to no
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more than one year．〔不说：…wasadded up to…〕 他的全部学校教育加起来不到一年。
It turned out that he was right．〔不说：It was turned…〕 已证实他对。
This turned out to be a great
help
to
the
workers．〔不说：…was
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turned…〕
结果证实对工人有好处。 My foot caught on a stone．〔不说：…was caught…〕
我的脚被石头绊了一下。 The kite caught in a tree．〔不说：…was caught…〕 风筝被树挂住了。 如果这些动词作与物动词
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用，就用被动语态。 The goods are sold out． 货物卖光了。
The clothes have been worn out already． 衣服已穿破了。
Many books have been turned out this year． 今年出版了许多书。 He was caught stealing． 他偷窃被抓住。
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Another sentence has been added to the article． 这篇文章又加了一句话。 3．系动词：
有些动词自身就是系动词，有些系动词是由实意动词演变而来的。例如： She
appears to
be
friendly． 她看上去友好。
He seemed to have known 11 / 17
it already．
他看上去已经知道了此事。 The flowers smell nice． 花闻上去香。 Cotton feels soft． 棉花摸上去软。
He is older than he looks．他比他看上去老。 The man turned blue with fear．
这人脸吓得发白。
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The clothes have worn thin．
衣服已穿薄了。 The shoes wear long． 这鞋耐穿。
4．有些不与物动词加介词可以用被动语态，但有些就不能。例如：
agree with，arrive at〔到达〕，get to〔到达〕，look into，walk into
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Every one agreed with me．〔不说：I was agreed with by…〕
They arrived at the village．〔不说：The village was arrived at…〕 They
got
to
the
station．〔不说：The station was got to…〕 〔下面句子词义变了，故可以用被动语态。〕试比拟：
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The arrangement hasn't been agreed upon． 安排尚未达成协议。 The conclusion has not been arrived at． 结论还没得出。
The matter will be looked into．
此事将被调查。
5．动词leave〔离开〕，enter〔参加，进入〕，join
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〔参加〕不可用被动语态。例如：He left his house．〔不说：His house was left．〕 他离开他的家。
He entered the room．〔不说：The room was entered．〕 他进屋了。
He joined the Party．〔不说：The Party was joined by him．〕
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他入党了。
6．当宾语是动名词、反身代词无被动语态。例如：
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他建议到去旅行。
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