北京大学考博英语模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)

北京大学考博英语模拟试卷15 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. Writing

Structure and Vocabulary

1． Food is to the blood____reading is to the mind. A．that B．which C．what D．so

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查的句型是：A is to B what X is to Y=A is to B just as X is to Y“A对于B正如X对于Y—样”。

2． ____rich or poor, I will marry him all the same. A．Were he B．Be he C．May he be D．No matter he is

正确答案：B

解析：be he rich or poor“不论他家财万贯还是清贫如洗”，这是带有古风的让步状语从句，实际上是“Lethim be rich or poor”的省略句形式，省略let，把，宾格him变为主格，be动词提到句首。

3． He had more dictionaries than_____for his work. A．they are needed B．it was needed C．were necessary

D．necessary were they

正确答案：C

解析：than后的从句主语若是主句中提到的名词，谓语是动词be时，可以省略从句的主语，有时be也略而不用。此句实际上是省略了主语they(the dictionaries)。

4． ____yelling at me like this’? It’s you who are to blame for this affair. A．Where is the point of B．What is the point for C．Where is the point as to

D．What is the point of

正确答案：D 解析：What is the point of yelling at me?“冲着我嚷嚷有什么用?”(注意：What is the point of后面要求跟-ing形式。)除point外，还有use／good／sense／fun等名词常常用于下面的句型中：It’s no use／point／good／fun-ing；There is no use／point／good／fun in-ing;What is the use／point／good／fun of-ing?What use／point／good／sense／fun is there in-ing?这几个句式考试频度都很大。

5． They are considering____the house before the prices go down. A．selling B．of selling C．to sell

D．over selling

正确答案：A

解析：consider后面要求跟名词或动名词-ing形式作宾语，不能跟不定式。

6． The president of the college, together with the deans,____a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.

A．is planning B．are planning C．are to plan D．have planned

正确答案：A

解析：本句的主语是the President of the college，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数。以A together with B作主语时，谓语的性、数和人称与名词A保持一致，不受together with的影响。类似的说法还有：A as well asB；A in addition to B；A accompanied by B；A and not B等，在这些说法中，名词A作主语，谓语应与A保持一致，不受B的影响。

7． Tom was glad that his success would_____for those who would follow. A．be easier

B．be easier to make C．make it easier D．make things easier

正确答案：D

解析：make things easier for those．．．“使后来者做起事来更容易些”。注意不能选C，因为it为形式宾语，它所代替的应是移至句末的不定式(for sb to do)或从句，而本题中缺乏这样的结构。

8． They will get the job done in_____time.

A．three quarter of an hour B．three quarters of an hour C．three quarter of an hour’s D．three quarters of an hour’s

正确答案：D 解析：以表示一段时间的短语作定语修饰另一个名词时需用所有格形式，所有格的’s应加在整个时间短语的末尾，而不管这个时间短语有多少词构成，也不管结构有多复杂，如three quarters of an hour表示一段时间，所有格应加在它的最后。又如“三个半小时一刻钟左右”应说“three hours and a quarter or so”。如果用英语表达“在三个半小时一刻钟左右的时间内”，就应说“in three hours and a quarter or so’s time”。

9． To succeed in a scientific research project,____. A．persistence is needed

B．persistence is what one needs C．one needs to be persistent

D．one needs be a persistent person

正确答案：C

解析：fo succeed in a scientific research project“要取得科研项目的成功”，此为不定式作状语表示目的，因此应选以人作主语的句子C或D，D中的needs为实义动词，后面不能跟原形动词，因此C为正确答案。

10． Kunming is usually cool in the summer, but Shanghai____. A．is rarely B．is hardly C．rarely is D．hardly is

正确答案：C

解析：在正常情况下，在以系动词be作谓语的句子中，表示频度的副词usually／often／seldom等通常放在be后修饰表语。

11． Largely due to the university tradition and the current academic milieu, every college student here works____.

A．industrially B．industriously C．consciously D．purposefully

正确答案：B

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“企业地，工业地”；B项：“勤勉的，刻苦的”；C项：“有意识地，自觉地”；D项：有目的地。根据本题的大意“这里的

每位大学生学习都很刻苦，这很大程度上要归因于这所大学的传统和当前的学术环境”可知本题应选B industrious。

12． I don’t think it’s sensible of you to____your greater knowledge in front of the chairwoman, for it may well offend her.

A．show up B．show off C．show out D．show away

正确答案：B

解析：根据本题大意“我认为你在女主席面前卖弄你的知识多是不明智的，因为这会冒犯她”可知本题应选B项，意思是“炫耀，卖弄，使显眼”。

13． ____, he did become annoyed with her at times. A．Much as he liked her B．As he liked her much

C．Although much he liked her D．Much although he liked her

正确答案：A

解析：本题应选A，大意是“尽管他非常喜欢她，但有时他的确非常生她的气”。

14． If we don’t stop flirting with those deathly nuclear weapons, the whole globe will be_____.

A．empowered B．punished C．polluted D．annihilated

正确答案：D

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“授权于，使能够”；B项：“惩罚，处罚”；C项：“弄脏，污染”；D项：“消灭，消除”。根据本题大意“如果我们不停止摆弄那些致命的核武器，整个地球将会被摧毁”可知本题应选D annihilated。

15． One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to_____further research and further thinking about a particular topic.

A．invent B．stimulate C．renovate D．advocate

正确答案：B

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“发明，创造”；B项：“刺激，激励”；C项：“革新，刷新，修复”；D项：“提倡，鼓吹”。根据本题大意“科学理论的重要性质之一就是它能够激发对某项课题进一步的研究和思考”可知本题应选B stimulate。

16． When in his rebellious years, that is when he was sixteen or eighteen, Frank Anderson_____going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late.

A．took to B．took up C．took on D．took in

正确答案：A

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“喜欢，沉溺于”；B项：“拿起，开始从事，继续，吸收”；C项：“披上，呈现。具有”；D项：“接受，接待，吸收，理解”。根据本题大意“当Frank Anderson处于十六岁或十八岁这种反叛年龄时，他喜欢跟一群陌生人到处走并且在外面待到很晚”可知只有A项符合题意。

17． In spite of the wide range of reading material specially designed or_____for language learning purposes, there is yet no effective and systematic program for the reading skills.

A．appointed B．assembled C．acknowledged D．adapted

正确答案：D

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“约定，指定(时间、地点)，任命，委任”；B项：“集合”；C项：“承认，答谢，报偿”；D项：“使适合于，为……改编[改写]”。根据本题大意“尽管专门为语言学习目的而设计或编写了广泛的阅读材料，然而至今仍没有设计出行之有效的、系统的提高阅读技巧的计划”可知本题应选D。

18． In 1816, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Northern Europe_____Europe into a bloody war.

A．imposed B．plunged C．pitched D．inserted

正确答案：B

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“征税，强加，以……欺骗”；B项：“使投入，使插入，使陷入”；C项：“投，掷，向前倾跌”；D项：“插入，嵌入”。根据本题的大意“1816年在北欧的一个偏僻地区所发生的一起明显无关紧要的事

件，使欧洲陷入了一场血腥的战争”可知本题应选B plunged。

19． The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax_____.

A．privileges B．efficiency C．revenues D．validity

正确答案：C

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“特权，特别待遇，基本公民权力”；B项：“效率，功效”；C项：“收入，国家的收入，税收”；D项：“效率，功效”。根据本题大意“市政计划委员会说他们下一年度的财政前景是乐观的。他们期望提高税收”可知本题应选C revenues。

20． The problem of pollution as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in_____again next spring.

A．convention B．conference C．session D．assembly

正确答案：C

解析：本题所给各选项中A项：“大会，协定，习俗，惯例”；B项：“会议，讨论会，协商会”；C项：“会议，开庭”；D项：“集合，装配，集会，集结，汇编”。根据本题大意“当明年春天议会再度开始时，污染问题和几个其他的问题将被讨论”可知本题应选C session。

Reading Comprehension

The 19th-century British Aristocracy The British aristocracy had always been involved in industrialization, especially in the development of mining, canals, and railways. It now shrewdly associated itself with the new wave of commercial expansion: most banks and insurance companies had a lord to add tone to the managerial board. It also shored up its fortunes by astute marriages, notably with the new aristocracy of wealth in the United States; the best-known example was the marriage of the duke of Marlborough to Consuelo Vanderbilt. By these means, many of the great aristocratic estates were preserved despite agricultural decline. But they were playthings as well as engines of wealth, and came to be treated as such. The aristocracy came to be known to the urban population chiefly through their representation in the popular press and magazines as men and women of leisure: racing, hunting, shooting, and fishing in the country, gambling and attending the season in London. In a population for which leisure was becoming increasingly important, this did not make the aristocracy unpopular.

21． In the second sentence of this passage, “had a lord to add tone to the managerial board” means that____.

A．the banks and insurance companies would hire a lord on the board to give advice to their management

B．having lords involved in the management gave the banks or companies a very good public image

C．lords worked for the banks and insurance companies to bring in more profits D．it had become a fashion to have a lord on the managerial board of a bank or a company

正确答案：B 解析：题目问：邀请一位贵族加入到董事会意味着什么。通过阅读文章可知，在资本主义经济的发展过程中，旧贵族与新兴资本家密切结合，互相利用，新兴资本家利用旧贵族的身份来为自己的公司装点门面。文章第二句话“It now shrewdly associated itself with the new wave of commercial expansion：most banksand insurance companies had a lord to add tone to the managerial board．”此句话表明了这一现象，所以，答案是B。

22． The “astute marriages” in the passage refers to marriages between_____. A．British aristocracy and rich American entrepreneurs

B．old British aristocratic families and newly knighted aristocracy of wealth C．aristocratic families and new business families of money and enterprises D．big landlord families in the British countryside and rich American tycoons of industry

正确答案：C 解析：题目问：“狡猾的婚姻”涉及的是在什么人之间的联姻。通过阅读文章可知，为了各自的利益，新兴资本家与旧贵族之间基于金钱和事业的目的，通过联姻方式巩固关系，以实现各自的利益。“most banks andinsurance companies had a lord to add tone to the managerial board．”“it also shored up its fortunesby astute marriages，notably with the new aristocracy of wealth in the United States”此段话表明了这一事实，所以，答案是C。

23． Judging from the content of the passage, Consuelo Vanderbilt was_____. A．Male, and from a rich business family in the United Sates B．Female, and from a British wealthy family of industry C．Male, and from a rich industrial family of Britain D．Female, and from an entrepreneur family in America

正确答案：D

解析：题目问：Consuelo Vanderbilt是什么人。通过阅读文章可知，为了经济利益，新兴资本家要与旧贵族拉拢关系，而旧贵族为了自身利益，也会积极寻

求与商界新贵的密切联系。Consuelo Vanderbilt是美国新贵，她与Marlborough公爵的婚姻是这一现象的典型事例。第三句“It also shored up its fortunes by as—tute marriages，notably with the new aristocracy of wealth in the United States．”所以，答案是D。

24． Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The 19th-century British aristocrats were treated as decorations in public life and were used to make money by press.

B．The 19th-century British aristocrats were toys of the rich capitalists and were made to earn profits for them.

C．The 19th-century British aristocrats acted as playmates of people in pleasure-seeking such as hunting, fishing, and shooting.

D．The 19th-century British aristocrats were popular figures in advertisements because they lived a leisurely life.

正确答案：A

解析：题目要求选择正确选项。通过阅读文章可知，在19世纪，英国贵族们通过休闲杂志、报刊为大众所了解，主要是他们的悠闲的生活方式。“The aristocracy came to be known to the urban population chieflythrough their representation in the popular press and magazines as men and women of leisure．”此句话反映了这一情况，其他选项都不正确，答案是A项。

Waking Up from the American Dream There has been much talk recently about the phenomenon of “Wal-Martization”of America, which refers to the attempt of America’s giant Wal-Mart chain store company to keep its cost at rock-bottom levels. For years, many American companies have embraced Wal-Mart-like strategies to control labor costs, such as hiring temps(temporary workers)and part-timers, fighting unions, dismantling internal career ladders and outsourcing to lower paying contractors at home and abroad. While these tactics have the admirable outcome of holding down consumer prices, they’re costly in other ways. More than a quarter of the labor force, about 34 million workers, is trapped in low-wage, of-ten dead-end jobs. Many middle-income and high-skilled employees face fewer opportunities, too, as companies shift word to subcontractors and temps agencies and move white-collar jobs to China and In-dia. The result has been an erosion of one of America’s most cherished value: giving its people the ability to move up the economic ladder over their lifetimes. Historically, most Americans, even low-skilled ones, were able to find poorly paid janitorial or factory jobs, then gradually climbed into the middle class as they gained experience and moved up the wage curve. But the number of workers progressing upward began to slip in 1970s. Upward mobility diminished even more in the 1980s as globalization and technology slammed blue-collar wages. Restoring American mobility is less a question of knowing what to do than of making it happen. Experts have decried schools’ inadequacy for years, but fixing them is a long, arduous struggle. Similarly, there have been plenty of warnings about declining college access, but finding funds was

difficult even in eras of large surpluses.

25． The American dream in this passage mainly refers to____.

A．there are always possibilities offered to people to develop themselves in the society

B．Americans can always move up the pay ladder

C．American young people can have access to college, even they are poor D．the labor force is not trapped in low-wage and dead-end jobs

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：美国梦主要指什么?通过阅读文章可知，文章内容主要讲述了沃尔玛公司的一系列降低劳动成本的行为对人们的预期收入造成了很大影响。人们希望的随着服务年限、能力、熟练程度的提高等逐渐实现收入的提升的愿望受到打击。所以，“American Dream”指的：是人们能逐渐在薪水上实现攀升。据此可知，应该选择B。

26． Wal-Mart strategy, according to this passage, is to_____. A．hire temps and part-timers to reduce its cost

B．outsource its contracts to lower price agencies at home and abroad C．hold down its consumer price by controlling its labor costs D．dismantle the career ladder and stop people’s mobility upward

正确答案：C

解析：题目问：根据文章内容，沃尔玛的战略是什么?通过阅读文章可知，沃尔玛为了控制劳动成本，雇佣临时工或兼职人员，与工会对抗，拆除国内职业阶梯，在国内外购低价代理商。第一段“For years，manyAmerican companies have embraced Wal—Mart-like stratagems to control labor costs，such as hiringtemps(temporary workers)and part-timers，fighting unions，dismantling internal career ladders andoutsourcing to lower paying contractors at home and abroad．”据此可知，应该选择C。

27． Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A．Wal-Martization has been successful in keeping costs at rock-bottom levels. B．Upward mobility for low-skilled workers has become impossible in the U.S. . C．More business opportunities are given to low-cost agencies in China and India.

D．Although people know how to restore American mobility, it’s difficult to change the present situation.

正确答案：B

解析：题目要求选择不符合文意的选项。通过阅读文章可知，连锁巨头沃尔玛通过各种方式降低劳动成本，以实现商品价格的最低水平。A项内容符合文意，可以排除。为了降低劳动成本，公司通过雇佣劳动力价值低的人员代替高价值员

工。C项内容符合文意，可以排除。”Restoring American mobility is less a question of knowingwhat to do than of making it happen．”此句话内容与D项符合，可以排除D。通过排除，答案是B。

Thanks in no small part to Al Gore and his film producers, the American public is waking up to the seriousness of global warming. What is not so widely appreciated is that unless the US government acts urgently and decisively, this problem could very quickly get very much worse. For reasons both economic and political coal is poised to be the fuel of choice in the coming decades as the US weans itself off foreign oil. Coal combustion generates half the US’s electricity and releases about 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year. If present trends continue, these figures will more than double by 2050, much to the detriment of the world’s climate. Without an alternative fuel, the only solution is to capture and store carbon dioxide from burning coal. Overcoming the engineering obstacles in the way of large-scale sequestration of carbon dioxide will be hard enough, but the bigger challenge is one of political will. US companies as yet have no incentive to capture carbon emissions. While moves at state and congressional levels are pushing in the right direction, the ambiguity in the administration’s policy is counterproductive. It is time for the US government to put a price on carbon emissions so utilities that invest in technologies to reduce carbon emissions will see their efforts rewarded: Such a move would not only reduce the risks associated with global warming, but also go a long way to restoring America’s green credentials.

28． According to the author, what adds to the seriousness of global warming? A．The American public was ignorant of the problem.

B．The American government is doing nothing to deal with the problem.

C．The US will choose coal as the major fuel which will have large carbon emissions.

D．There is no alternative fuel other than foreign oil which has large carbon emissions.

正确答案：C

解析：题目问：作者认为是什么原因加重了气候变暖?通过阅读文章可知，基于经济和政治原因，美国将在未来几十年主要以煤炭作为工业原料，以代替向国外进口石油。而煤炭燃烧会释放大量二氧化碳，对全球气候产生重大破坏作用。第二段第一句“For reasons both economic and political coal is poised to…muchto the detriment of the world’s climate．”所以。答案是C。

29． Which of the following is TRUE about the obstacles for effectively capturing carbon emissions?

A．The existing technology is only able to deal with large-scale carbon emissions.

B．The companies are not highly motivated in adopting new technologies.

C．The government policy for using coal and oil is counterproductive. D．The companies feel reluctant to be involved in political issues.

正确答案：C

解析：题目问：关于有效阻止碳化物的阻力，哪项是正确的?通过阅读文章可知，控制二氧化碳排放量要克服工程障碍，这是很难的工作，但是更大的挑战是明确政治意愿。第三段“Overcoming the engineering ob—stacles in the way of large-scale sequestration of carbon dioxide will be hard enough，but the biggerchallenge is one of political will．”所以，答案是C。

30． What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem?

A．The government should charge carbon emissions so as to encourage companies to adopt new technology.

B．The government should reward utilities that invest in technologies to reduce carbon emission.

C．The government should make long-time efforts to encourage people to plant more trees.

D．The government should pay for large-scale carbon emissions.

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：作为问题的解决方案，作者提出了什么建议?。通过阅读文章可知，作者提到，美国政府是应该对二氧化碳排量控制进行投资的时候了，并且，这种投资是会收到有效回报的。第三段第一句“It is timefor the US government to put a price on carbon emissions so utilities that invest in technologies to re-duce carbon emissions will see their efforts rewarded．”所以，答案是B。

Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.(15%) 【P1】lt is useful to remember that history is to the nation as memory As to the individual. As persons deprived of memory become disoriented and lost, not knowing where they have been and where they are going, so a nation denied a conception of the past will be disabled in dealing with its present and its future. History is the best antidote to delusions of omnipotence and omniscience.【P2】Self-knowledge is the indispensable prelude to self-control, for the nation as well as for individual. History should forever remind us of the limits of our passing perspectives. It should strengthen us to resist the pressure to convert’ momentary impulses into moral absolutes. It should lead us to recognition of the fact, so often and so sadly displayed, that the future outwits all our certitudes and that the possibilities of the future are more various than the human intellect is designed to conceive. 【P3】A nation informed by a vivid understanding of the ironies of history is best equipped to manage the tragic temptations of military power. Let us not bully our way through life, but let a sensitivity to history temper and civilize our use of power. In the meantime, let a thousand historical flowers bloom.【P4】History is never a closed book or a final verdict. It is forever in the interests of an ideology, a religion, a race, and a nation. The great strength of history is its

capacity for self-correction. This is the endless excitement of historical writing: the search to reconstruct what went before.【P5】A nation’s history must be both the guide and the domain not so much of its historians as its citizens.

31． 【P1】

正确答案：It is beneficial to bear in mind that history is important to a nation as memory is significant to oneperson．

解析：本句的意思是：历史对于一个国家的重要性就如同个人记忆的重要性一样，牢记这点是有裨益的。

32． 【P2】

正确答案：It is self-knowledge that is a fundamental precondition for self-control of the nation and individual．

解析：本句的意思是：不管是国家还是个人，自知之明是其达到自制的必要前提。as well as意为“也，又”。

33． 【P3】

正确答案：If a nation intends to be well prepared for controlling the impulsion of resorting to force，it has tolearn a lot from its history lessons．

解析：本句的意思是：一个国家只有深刻地认识到自己历史中的讽刺性事件，它才能具备一种管理能力，即控制自己的军事力量发起悲剧性事件的冲动的能力。be best equipped to意为“准备到了最好的状态”。

34． 【P4】

正确答案：History is hardly unchangeable and invariable．

解析：本句的意思是：历史这本书永远不会合上，而且也永远不会是最后的裁决。

35． 【P5】

正确答案：As the history of a nation，it can be regarded as the director and field of its citizens rather than itshistorians．

解析：本句的意思是：一个国家的历史与其说是其历史学家的不如说是其国民的指南和研究领域。domain意为“领地，(活动、学问等的)范围，领域”，not so much…as意为“不如……那样多；与其说是……不如说是……”。

Cloze

Last year French drivers killed【C1】______than 5,000 people on the roads

for the first time in decades. Credit goes largely【C2】______the 1,000 automated radar cameras planted on the nation’s highways since 2003, which experts reckon【C3】______3,000 lives last year. Success, of course breeds success: the government plants to install 500【C4】______radar devices this year. So it goes with surveillance these days. Europeans used to look at the security cameras posted in British cities, subways and buses【C5】______the seeds of an Orwellian world that was largely unacceptable in Continental Europe. But last year’s London bombing, in which video cameras【C6】______a key role in identifying the perpetrators,have helped spur a sea change.A month【C7】______the London attacks, half of Germans supported EU-wide plans to require Internet providers and telecoms to store all e-mail, internet and phone data for “anti-terror”【C8】______. In a British poll, 73 percent of respondents said they were【C9】______to give up some civil liberty to improve【C10】______.

36． 【C1】

正确答案：fewer 解析：本文中主要讲的是安装雷达系统增强了社会安全性，减少了车祸的发生。本句话表达的意思是“去年法国司机驾驶中造成的死亡人数在过去的十年中第一次少于5000”。根据文意要表示“低于，少于”的意思应该用fewer。

37． 【C2】

正确答案：to

解析：短语credit to sb／sth表达的意思是：“使值得赞扬，归功于……”。文中此处说的是：这一现象很大程度上要归功于2003年以来在高速公路上安装的1000个自动雷达摄像头。因此此处应该用“to”。

38． 【C3】

正确答案：saved 解析：文章在第一句话中已经指出了去年车祸造成的死亡人数减少了，本句中专家估计去年由于摄像头的使用挽救了大约3000人的生命合乎上下文所要表达的意思。因此在本题中用saved。

39． 【C4】

正确答案：more

解析：此处表达的意思是：去年雷达系统的使用取得了良好的效果，今年政府打算再安装500多个雷达装置。根据上下文可知，此处应该用more。

40． 【C5】

正确答案：as

解析：as the seeds of为固定短语，表达的意思是：“作为……的根据”。因此在本题中所填词为as。

41． 【C6】

正确答案：played

解析：play a role in表达的意思是：“在……起作用”。本句的意思是说：在识别犯罪方面起了很大的作用。从时态上来看，本句是对过去事情的讲述，因此要用过去时played.

42． 【C7】

正确答案：after

解析：联系上下文可知，从后文中提到一半德国人的反应看，显然是受到了伦敦袭击事件发生影响后才做出的，因此本题中所填的词为after。

43． 【C8】

正确答案：purposes

解析：for…purposes是固定搭配，意思是：“为了……目的”，本句中所说的一半的德国人建议采取的措施是为了反恐的目的。所以在此处用purposes。

44． 【C9】

正确答案：willing

解析：be willing to的意思是“乐意做某事”。本文中此处表达的意思是：在英国的一项民意测验中有百分之七十三的人做出回应说他们愿意牺牲一些公民个人自由……。因此此处应该填willing。

45． 【C10】

正确答案：security 解析：根据文中讲到的有关内容可知，恐怖事件发生使人们的安全得不到保障，人们采取了一系列的措施反恐，人们愿意放弃部分自由的目的也是为了提高安全。

Proofreading

【M1】”There were a set of ideas and a set of initiatives that the university is undertaking that people wanted to invest,” said Martin Shell, Stanford’s vice president for development.【M2】”This is an unbelievably generous response from unbelievably philanthropic set of alumni, parents, and friends. “ 【M3】Harvard ranked two in fund-raising last year with $595 million. 【M4】National, donations

from alumni rose 18. 3 percent from 2005. according to figures released yesterday by the Council for Aid to Education.【M5】Alumni donations account about 30 percent of giving to higher education.【M6】Giving from other groups, such as corporations and foundations, increased by much small amounts. 【M7】Survey director Ann Kaplan said the strong economics played a role, but universities also were asking more aggressively as part of formal fund-raising campaigns.

46． 【M1】

正确答案：invest后应添加in 解析：invest in“投资于，买进”。后面是that引导的定语从句，in不能省略。

47． 【M2】

正确答案：unbelievably之前应添加an 解析：set“一班志趣相投者；一伙年龄相当的人”，是可数名词。unbelievably以元音开头的，应在前面加an。

48． 【M3】

正确答案：two应改为second

解析：rank“排列，归类于，把……分等”，后面接数字时用序数词。

49． 【M4】

正确答案：national应改为nationally 解析：national“国家的，民族的”。此处是说从全国来看，应用副词nationally做状语，意为“全国性”。

50． 【M5】

正确答案：account后应添加for 解析：account“说明，总计有”，account for“说明，占”。

51． 【M6】

正确答案：把small改为smaller 解析：small“小的，少的”，此处是说增长数额小得多。所以用small的比较级smaller。

52． 【M7】

正确答案：把economics改为economy

解析：economics“经济学”，economy“经济”。

Writing

53． For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write 160-200 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below. Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week1．上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化。2．请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)。3．你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

正确答案： Student Use of Computers Since 1990, there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students. While in 1990, the average number of hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week, this number grew to nearly four hours per week by 1995, and to approximately 20 hours per week by the year 2000. This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990’s can be attributed to several factors, including widespread usage, lower prices, and technological and social developments. Nowadays, computers are widely used by students for word processing, book keeping, multimedia presentations, and access to the Internet for both research and communications. Additionally, since 1990, due to competition and technological advances, computer hardware and software prices, as well as Internet usage charges have dropped significantly. Finally, technological developments and changes in social habits in the 1990’s have played a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers. Today’s society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment, including listening to music, watching modes and sport events, and playing computer games. While computers are of great assistance to the students, and therefore, are indispensable tools, they also pose some challenges. The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device. That is, students need to have the discipline of not allowing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful tool-aspects that can result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet. That is to say, students need to use this powerful tool with great wisdom!