教学内容：情态动词的定义，用法 教学对象：初中生
教学目标：准确掌握情态动词的用法 教学重难点：辨析情态动词的用法
Teaching Steps
Step 1: Leading-in
聊学生的兴趣和特长，引入能或会干什么
Step 2: Warming-up
找出两个句子的不同之处 I play the guitar. I can play the guitar. I draw a picture
I can draw a picture.
Step 3: Teaching and Drills
知识卡片1
定义
是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或与语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
知识卡片2
情态动词有五类：
1. 只做情态动词：must, can(could),may(might)…… E.g She may be a teacher.
I can do it.
2. 可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need, dare E.g I need to do my homework.
I need a book
3. 可做情态动词又可做助动词：would/will, shall/should E.g Will you come this way,please?
I will go home tomorrow.
4具有情态动词特征：have(had, has) to, used to E.g I have to stay at home.
We used to go there every year. 5.情态动词表猜测
注：mustn't代表强烈禁止 must表示主观，have to表示客观。 常用的有：can，may，could，must，have to，use. E.g I think Lily may be in the classroom now.
She can’t be in the classroom. I saw her in the library just now. 练习
1.-______ I have a look at your dictionary？ -Of course you can．Here you are． A.Need B.Can C.Must D.Should
2. Lily is often in a yellow skirt．She _____ like yellow very much． A.will B.can C.must 3.
知识卡片3
情态动词特点
1. 情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想：
I am afraid I must be going. （一定要）
You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 \"not\"。
We can't carry the heavy box.我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help you.对不起，我帮不上你。
3. 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。
He could be here soon.他很快就来。
I'm sorry I can't help you.对不起，我帮不上你。 练习
1. 根据括号中所给的情态动词改写句子 1. She speaks English.(may) _____________________________. 2. He stays at home.(must)
_____________________________. 3. The little dog catches the ball.(can) _____________________________. 4. I do my homework.(have to) _____________________________. 5. She has a rest.(need)
_____________________________.
知识卡片4 用法
1. can / could
1）表示能力 (会)
1) Mary can speak English, but she can not speak French. 2) Can you lift this heavy box? 3) Can you skate? 2）表示允许 (可以)
1）Can I use your dictionary? 2）----- Can I go home now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
3）could是can 的过去式；表示过去的能力； 用于婉转语气,多用于问句。“能，可以”
He could ride a bike at the age of five. Could you please clean the room?
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. ( No, you can’t. )
此处 could 不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，答语中不能用could和 couldn’t，要用can 和 can’t。 练习
1. --Is that man Mr Green？
--It–_be him．He has gone to Paris on business． A.may B.must C.can't D.shouldn't 2. --Could I keep the book for two more days？ --Yes，you _______．（ ）
A.could B.can C.need D.must 3. -Hi，Jack!Could you come to our English party？
-Sorry，I______．I have to look after my little sister at home． A.must B.could C.can't
2. may / might
1）表示请求和允许 (可以), 比can 正式. May I come in? He may come if he likes.
may的一般疑问句，其否定回答用 can’t 或 mustn’t。
--May I go home now?
--Yes, you may. / Sure. / Yes, please. No, you can’t./ mustn’t. 2）may 也表示猜测，意为“可能”。
Where is my English book? It may be in your desk.
3）might是 may 的过去式。表示推测, 可能性较小。
He might be very busy now.
Your mother might know the truth.
练习
1. -Tom，where is Kate？
-She_____ be in the garden．She sometimes plays with her dog there．
A. must B.need C.shall D.may
2. -Mom，______i visit the art museum next Monday？ -I'm afraid you can't．All museums in the city are closed on Monday．
A.would B.need C.should D.may
3. -Excuse me,______ I take the magazine out of the
reading room？
-Sorry，you can't．Just here，please． A.must B.would C.may D.need 3. Must
1）must 必须 ,表示说话人的主观意志。
You must do your homework first. 2） mustn’t 表示禁止 ，不准，不允许。 You mustn’t smoke here.
You mustn’t play with fire.
以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答：Yes , …must. 否定回答: No, … needn’t. 或 No, … don’t have to. 练习
1. -Mum，must I clean the room right now？ -No，you ______．（ ）
A.shouldn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.needn't
2. 一一Listen!Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall？ 一一No，it________ be him．He has gone to Japan． A. needn't B.may not C.mustn't D.can't
3.—Can I go swimming，Mom？
—Certainly．But you ____ be back by four． A.can B.may C.might D.must 4. Need
1）在表否定的句子中，表示“不必”
There is enough time. You needn’t hurry. 2）在疑问句和肯定句中表“需要” I wonder if I need go to GuangZhou again. 练习
1. There is still a lot of time left and we _____ be in such a hurry．（ ）
A. can't B.shouldn't C.mustn't D.needn't 2. 一Mum，must I clean my room？ -No，you____．
A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't 3. -Let's go to the Art Museum by taxi．
-It's only ten minutes' walk．We ______take a taxi． A.needn't B.can't C.mustn't
5. shall的用法
1）征求对方意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句 Shall we say 6 o’clock then?
Henry is waiting outside.Shall he come in?
2) 用于第二、第三人称中，表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。
Tell Jack that he shall get a gift if he is nice. 练习
1. --- The room is so dirty .______ we clean it? ---- Ok.
A. will B. Shall
C. Would D. Do
2._____we go out for a meal together? A. will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
3. You _____ be sorry for what you have done, I tell you.
A.shall B.may C.might D.must
6. should的用法
1）作为shall的过去式，用于第一、第三人称，多在间接引语中，以征求对方意见。
Mr.Lee asked if he should get the visa tomorrow. 2) 表达义务、职责等，这种用法往往表示说话者的观点 You should be so careless.
3）should have done表示“本应该做而没有做”，否定式表示“本不该做而做了”
You should have invited me to the party yesterday.I had exoected you to.
Jim shouldn’t have done all the work within one day.There was still time.
练习
情态动词 虚拟语气
1.-Must I renew the novel now？
-No，you______．But you ______ it the day before yesterday．（ ） A. mustn't； should have renew B.may not； should do C.needn't； must renew D.can't； should have done
2.I insisted that he ____，which means I insisted on ____．（A.should go； he goes B.go； he goes
C.should go； him going D.would go； his going
3.-Did you punish him for losing your digital camera？ -Yes，but I don't think I ______．（ ） A. should do that B.need to have done so C.ought have done that D.should have done so
7. dare的用法
1）用于否定句中，表示“不敢” I daren’t go out alone at night.
2）用于疑问句和条件句中，表示“敢” How dare you speak to me like that?
练习
） 1. _____ he tell you the truth？
A. could B.must C.dare D.need
2.I ______say there are mistakes there．
A.could B.must C.need D.dare 3. He ______ tell me that sort of thing A．need B.dare C.could D.must
8. Used to 的用法
表示“过去常常，过去是”，现在不是如此，没有人称和数的变化，否定式usedn’t to或者didn’t use to He is not what he used to be.
练习
1.She–__live alone．But she –_living alone because she feels lonely．（ ）
A.used to； doesn't used to B.is used to； was used to C.used to； is not used to D.was used to； doesn't used to 2.---How does Jack usually go to work？
---He________ drive a car，but now he________ there to lose weight．（ ）
A. used to； is used to walk B.was used to； is used to walking
C.was used to； is used to walk D.used to； is used to walking
3.Nancy _________ eat a lot of snacks between meals，but now she _______ green food．（ ） A.used to，is used to B.used to，used to C.is used to，used to D.is used to，is used to
9. had better
had better后接动词原形，表示“最好” We had better get there before is gets dark. 练习
1.You are ill．You had better _______ the doctor right now．（ A.look at B.see C.watch
2..You had better ________ your shoes _________．（ ） A.to have； mended B.have； mended C.have； mending D.to have； mending
3.-The weather report says there is going to ________ a typhoon tonight．
）-So we had better ________ out．（ ） A. be，not go B.have，not go C.be，not to go D.have，not to go
10. Be able to
be able to后跟动词原形，表示具体的能力，与can的用法相近 I am not able to/can’t answer your question. Are you able to type?=Can you tape? 练习
1. I'm afraid I won't be able ______ to your office on time. A. come B.to come C.comes D.came
2. There is no way you will be able ______ the problem A. to work out B.works out C.work out 3. I would be able to ______your more help． A.give B.gives C.gave
11. Have to
Have to 和must意思接近，但是must更强调说话者的主观意愿。Have to强调客观上的必要性，常译为“不得不” I have to be off now.My mum is waiting for me. 练习
1.You –_ afraid of doing homework．You know，it's easy．Just be careful．（ ） A.don't have to B.have to be C.don't have D.don't have to be
2.When my parents asked me to study hard before，I –_ do it．Now I'm a grown-up boy，I –_ study hard．（ ） A.must；must B.had to；have to C.had to； must D.have to；must
3.You –_ buy a gift，but you can if you want to．（ ） A.must B.mustn't C.have to D.don't have to 练习
1. You _______ stop when the traffic light turns red.
A. can B. had better C. need D. must 2. —Is that girl under the tree Mary?
—No, that _______ be Mary. She is in New York. A. can B. mustn’t C. can’t 3. —Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow? —Sorry, you _______.
A. can’t B. don’t C. needn’t D. won’t 4. —Dad, can I go to the movies tonight?
—Sure, but you _______ come back home before 9 o’clock. A. can B. must C. may D. might 5. — Mom, must I finish my homework now?
— No, you _______. You may have supper first. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t 6. —Will you stay for some more days?
—Sorry, I ______. My mother called to ask me to go back at once.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. wouldn’t 7. —Shall we take a taxi?
—No, we _______. It’s not far from here.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
8.—You _______ be excited that you’re going back to your hometown soon.
—Yes, I can’t wait any longer.
A. shall B. can C. need D. must
9. Tom will help you finish the work on time , so you _________ worry about it . A.don’t need B. needn’t C. not need D. needn’t to
10.Since you are very tired , you ___________ finish the work today.
A.don’t need B. need to C. not need D. needn’t 总结
原形 （过去式） Tom can swim. 表示能力(= be able to) can (could) (疑问句中)表示请求 Could you give us a hand? 可以 你可以帮我们一下吗？ 能；会 =Tom is able to swim. 汤姆会游泳。 用法 含义 例句 can可(否定句、疑问句中)表示可能性 能 can’t不可能
The boy can’t be Jim. He’s much taller. 这个男孩不可能是吉姆。他要高很多。 原形 （过去式） 用法 含义 例句 表示 may (might) 可能性(可与maybe互换) 可能 Tony may know the way. =Maybe Tony knows the way. 托尼可能知道路。 表示客气请求 可以 May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ 表示祝愿 May you be happy! 祝…… 祝你快乐！
原形 用法 (过去式) must 含义 例句 表示义务、命令或要求 必须 We must tell the truth to our parents. 我们必须告诉父母真相。 Lisa must be at home. 莉萨一定在家里。 (推测现在的状况) 表示肯定的猜测（否定猜测用can’t ） 一定 You must be kidding! 你一定是在开玩笑！(推测现在正在发生的状况) They must have seen the movie. 他们一定看过这部电影。 (推测过去的状况)
原形 用法 （过去式） 含义 例句 shall (should) Shall. . . ? 用于第一人称，表示建议或请求 ……好 吗？ Shall we ask the teacher for help? 我们向老师寻求帮助好吗？ should用于各种人称，强调义务或责任 应该 Students shouldn’t have long hair. 学生们不应该留长发。
原形 用法 （过去式） 含义 例句 用于第二人称will （would） 疑问句中，表示征求意见或提建议 愿意 Will/Would you please take out the trash? 你可以把垃圾拿出去吗？ will用于各种人称，表示意愿 Your parents will try their best to help you. 你的父母会尽最大努力帮助你。 测试
一．用适当的情态动词填空
1.The storybook______ be hers. It has her name on it. 2.The beautiful trousers ______ be Lily’s. Because they’re too long.
3.I can’t find my key. It____________ be left at home. 4.The volleyball___________ be Sally’s or Ann’s. They both like
playing volleyball.
5.The piano____________ belong to Alice. She often plays the piano.
6. _____that wallet yours? --No, it _______be mine. Mine is here. 7.The pen___________ belong to him. It’s on his desk.
8.My mother _________ be at home. She left home with me. She has gone to go to work.
9.This basketball ____________ be Ning’s. He plays basketball every day.
10.This school uniform _________ be Nick’s. It’s too small for him. 二．单项选择
1． May I stop my car here? No, you_＿＿＿.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. don't have to 2. Must we clean the house now? No, you _______.
A. needn't B. may not C. mustn't D. can't 3. John his father about his failure in the exam. A. dares not tell B. dares not telling C. dare not tell D. dares not to tell
4. You return the book now. You can keep it next week if you like. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not
5. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself. A. won't...can't B. mustn't...may C. shouldn't, must D. can't...shouldn't
6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 7. Would you go out for a walk with me? No, I . My girl friend is coming.
A. wouldn't B. shall not C. won't D. shouldn't 8. Man die without water. A. will B. can C. need D. shall
9. If he started at 9 0'clock, he be there by now.
A. need B. shall C. ought to D. must
10. I mailed the letter two weeks ago. She_____it.
A. must receive B. can't receive C. might receive D. must have received
11.The professor gave orders that the experiment before 5:30p.m. A. be finished B. will finish
C. must be finished D. would be finished 12. There was plenty of time. You_____. A. mustn't hurry B. mustn't have hurried C. needn't hurry D. needn't have hurried
13. Tom was a diligent boy. He go to school though it was raining hard.
was able to B. could C. couldn't D. wasn't able to
14. ______I go back before lunch? No, I don't think you________.
A. Need...must B. Do...need to C. Must...have to D. May .... ought to 15. The teacher do all the exercises, but a pupil_______. A. needn't....must B. may not...must C. needn't....needn't D. can't....must 16. Would you open the window please ? Yes, I______.
A. will B. would C. do D. can
17. A lion only attacks a human being when it is hungry. A. should B. can C. will D. shall
18. ____Must I finish this novel this morning ? ____No, you_____.
A. mustn't B. might not C. don't have to D. can't
19. The taxi ____ only hold six passengers. It is full. You take the next one.
A. may...may B. can...may C. may...can D. must...can 20. I a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way. A. may come B. may have come C. could have come D. must have come
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