一、七年级英语下册选词填空专项目练习(含答案解析) 1.从方框中选择恰当的短语填空
turn off switch on be careful with a packet of at last think of (1)My aunt gave me ________sweets. (2)Where did you decide to go________? (3)Please________the light before you leave.
(4)My son, please ________thieves when you are out by yourself. (5)When I come back home, the first thing is to________the television. (6)What do you________the dishes here? 【答案】 (1)a packet of (2)at last (3)turn off (4)be careful with (5)switch on (6)think of
【解析】【分析】 turn off 关闭;switch on 打开;be careful with 小心……,当心……;a packet of 一袋子……;at last 最终,最后;think of 想起,想到
(1)句意:我婶子给了我一袋糖。根据sweets,糖,可知要表达的是一袋水果,故答案是a pocket of。
(2)句意:你最后决定去哪里?根据句子结构可知,句子缺少的是状语,能够作状语的只有at last,故答案是at last。
(3)句意:你离开之前请关上灯。根据before you leave,可知是要关上电灯,要节约能源。故答案是turn off。
(4)句意: 孩子,当你一个人在外的时候,请当心小偷。根据 when you are out by yourself,可知是要提防小偷,故答案是be careful with。
(5)句意:当我回到家的时候,第一件事就是打开电视。根据television和已知选项可知是要打开电视,故答案是switch on。
(6)句意:你认为这里的饭菜咋样?what do you think of…,用来征求一个人的意见和看法,属于固定句式。故答案是think of。
【点评】根据语境和所提供选项确定句子的意思,最后做出正确的选择。
2.根据句意,用few,a few,little 或a little填空
(1)I'd like to practise my English more but I have________chances.
(2)The bus service isn't very good at night—there are ________buses after nine o'clock. (3)There was________ traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected. (4)I can't decide now. I need________ time to think about it. (5)—When did Jenny go out? —________minutes ago.
(6)There was________ food in the fridge. It was nearly empty. 【答案】 (1)few (2)few (3)little (4)a little (5)A few (6)little
【解析】【分析】few几乎没有,极少,修饰可数名词复数,表示否定;a few一点,修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定;little几乎没有,极少,修饰不可数名词,表示否定;a little一点,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定。
(1)句意:我想要更多练习我的英语,但是我几乎没有机会。根据句意可知是几乎没有,表示否定,chances是可数名词复数,所以用few,故填few。
(2)句意:公交车服务在晚上不非常好——九点后几乎没有公交车。根据句意可知是几乎没有公交车,buses是可数名词复数,所以用few,故填few。
(3)句意:交通几乎不拥挤,所以我们比我们预期的到底地早。根据句意可知是几乎没有,表示否定,traffic是不可数名词,所以用little,故填little。
(4)句意:我现在不能决定。我想要一点时间考虑它。根据句意可知是需要一点时间思考,time是不可数名词,所以用a little,故填a little。
(5)句意:——珍妮什么时候出去的?——几分钟前。minutes,可数名词复数,表肯定,用a few修饰,位于句首首字母大写,故填A few。
(6)句意:冰箱里只有少量的食物了。冰箱几乎都空了。根据 nearly empty ,可知前一句是否定意义的,且food 是不可数名词,因此用little修饰,故填little。
【点评】考查选词填空,考查词汇在句中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3.选择方框内的短语并用其适当的形式填空
power station, washing machine, at least, come back, be important to, take the medicine, on time, switch on, make sure (1)Mr. Green is attending a meeting in Paris now. He will ________ in 5 days. (2)David caught a cold and ________ three times a day.
(3)I prefer washing clothes by hand to washing clothes with a ________. (4)We won't go to the park because of the rain. ________ everyone knows it. (5)The electricity is off because the storm damaged the ________. (6)It's too dark in the room. Please ________ the light. (7)I want to go on holiday next Monday, for ________ a week. (8)Eating more vegetables ________ your health.
(9)It is snowing heavily. I am afraid I can't get to the train station ________. 【答案】(1)come back (2)took the medicine
(3)washing machine (4)Make sure (5)power station (6)switch on (7)at least (8)is important to (9)on time
【解析】【分析】power station发电厂;washing machine洗衣机;at least至少;come back回来;be important to对.......重要;take the medicine吃药;on time及时;switch on打开;make sure确保,确信
(1)句意:格林先生现在正在巴黎参加会议,他5天后将回来。根据句意可知格林先生在巴黎,所以5天后回来,will后面用动词原形,故填come,back。
(2)句意:David感冒了,一天吃三次药。根据caught a cold可知David感冒了,所以需要吃药。caught表明时态是一般过去时,所以take用过去式took,故填took,medicine。 (3)句意:我洗衣服更喜欢手洗而不是洗衣机洗。根据常识可知洗衣服要么手洗要么洗衣机洗,故填washing,machine。
(4)句意:因为下雨我们不去公园了,确保每个人都知道。根据句意可知下雨不去公园,所以确保每个人知道这个消息,make sure+句子,意思是确保......。故填Make,sure。 (5)句意:因为暴风雨破坏了发电厂,所以停电了根据常识可知发电厂发电,发电厂坏了肯定会停电,power station发电厂,故填power,station。
(6)句意:房间里太黑了,请打开灯。天黑了所以开灯,switch on打开,please后面用动词原形,故填switch,on。
(7)句意:我想下周一去度假,至少一周。at least至少,故填at,least。
(8)句意:吃更多的蔬菜对你的健康是重要的。根据常识可知吃蔬菜对身体健康是重要的,be important to对.......重要,主语Eating more vegetables是动名词,动名词做主语谓语动词用单数,时态是一般现在时,所以be动词用is,故填was,important,to。 (9)句意:天正在下大雪,我恐怕不能准时到达火车站。根据It is snowing heavily.天正在下大雪,可知不能够准时到达目的地,故填on,time。
【点评】考查选词填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4.从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。 lose one's way; with eyes open wide; do one's best; fight with; noise; play the piano; give a seat to; all over the world ; do wonderful tricks; bad (1)—Don't do the eye exercises ________. — OK, I won't.
(2)Now stop________, or our neighbors will be angry. (3)—What's the matter, Jack? — The classroom is too ________.
(4)—Your pet monkey is very clever. —Thank you. If I am sad, he ________ with me. (5)—Students shouldn't ________ others at school. —You're right.
(6)The little boy fell from the bike and was ________ hurt. (7)—Class Five win the first place in the basketball game.
— It's not surprising. Before the game, they ________ to practice basketball after school. (8)—What do you think of the song Liangliang? —It's really beautiful and becomes popular ________.
(9)—I hear that Simon ________ when shopping last Sunday. — Oh, bad luck.
(10)—Sandy is very helpful.
—Yes. She often ________ someone in need on the bus. 【答案】 (1)with eyes open wide (2)playing the piano (3)noisy
(4)will do wonderful tricks (5)fight with (6)badly (7)did their best (8)all over the world (9)lost his way (10)gives a seat to
【解析】【分析】 lose one's way 迷路; with eyes open wide 睁大眼睛; do one's best 尽某人最大努力; fight with 与……打架; noise 噪音; play the piano 弹钢琴; give a seat to 给某人让座; all over the world 全世界; do wonderful tricks 表演绝妙的把戏; bad 坏的 (1)句意:——不要睁大你的眼睛做眼保健操。——好的,我不会这样做了。根据常识可知,做眼保健操要闭着眼睛,而不能睁着眼睛。且根据句中有谓语do,所以用with,故填with your eyes open wide。
(2)句意:现在停止弹钢琴,否则我们的邻居将会很生气。根据stop doing停止做;stop to do停下来去做另一件事。根据or our neighbors will be angry“否则我们的邻居将会很生气”可知,要停止弹钢琴。故填playing the piano。
(3)句意:——杰克,怎么了?——教室太吵了。根据空前is和too可知,用形容词。noisy吵闹的,故填noisy。
(4)句意:——你的宠物猴很聪明。——谢谢!如果我不高兴,它将会为我表演绝妙的把戏。本句话中,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,故填will do wonderful tricks。
(5)句意:——在学校里,学生不应该和其他人打架。——对的。fight with大家,且根据空前情态动词shouldn't可知,空处用动词原形,故填fight with。
(6)句意:这个小男孩从自行车上摔了下来,受了严重的伤。空处修饰hurt,用副词,
故填badly。
(7)句意:——五班赢得了篮球比赛的第一名。——不惊奇。在比赛之前,放学后他们尽他们最大的努力练习篮球。do one's best尽某人最大努力,主语为they。且根据句意可知,表示过去尽他们最大的努力,故填did their best。
(8)句意:——你认为《凉凉》这首歌怎么样?——它真的很美妙,而且流行全世界。all over the world全世界,故填all over the world。
(9)句意:——我听说上周西蒙去购物时迷路了。——运气真坏。根据bad luck可知,表示听到不好的事情,lose one's way迷路,主语为Simon,用his,且根据last Sunday可知,用一般过去时,故填lost his way。
(10)句意——桑迪是非常有帮助的。——是的,在公交车上,她经常将座位给有需要的人。give a seat to,将座位给某人。根据often可知,用一般现在时,主语为she,故填gives a seat to。
【点评】考查选词填空。本题考查单词在语境中的运用需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
5.选词填空
climb, bad, on one's way to, fight with, work of art (1)Last night he fell from his bike and his left leg was ________ hurt. (2)________ the school, I met my old friend Jack. We were very happy.
(3)Jim is a naughty (顽皮的) boy. When he was a child, he often ________ his younger brother.
(4)There are a lot of ________ in the museum. I'd like to see them. (5)—We decide ________ the hill next weekend. Would you like to join us? —Of course. 【答案】 (1)badly (2)On my way to (3)fought with (4)works of art (5)to climb
【解析】【分析】 climb爬, bad坏的,差的, on one's way to去……路上, fight with和……打架, work of art艺术品
(1)句意:昨晚他从自行车上摔下,左腿严重受伤。修饰hurt,用副词,结合选项,此处用bad的副词,bad差的,其副词是badly,严重地,副词,故填badly。
(2)句意:我在我去上学的路上遇到了我的老朋友杰克。我们很高兴。根据the school并结合选项,可知是自己上学的路上,遇到了朋友,此处用one one's way to,主语是I,对应的形容词性的物主代词是my,故填On my way to。
(3)句意:吉姆是一个顽皮的男孩。当他还是一个孩子的时候,他经常和他的弟弟打架。由于很顽皮,可知应该常和自己弟弟打架,fight with sb和某人打架,固定搭配,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,fight的过去式是fought,故填fought with。
(4)句意:博物馆里有许多艺术品。我喜欢去看它们。根据常识并结合选项,可知博物馆里应该有许多的艺术品。work作品,可数名词,a lot of后接名词复数,故填works of art。
(5)句意:——我们决定下周末去爬山。你想加入我们吗?根据下句和选项,可知应该是决定去爬山,climb爬,climb the hill爬山,decide to do sth,决定做某事,故填to climb。 【点评】考查选词填空。本题考查单词在语境中的运用需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
6.阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从每个方框内所给11个词汇中选择10个意义相符的词汇,必要时进行词形变化,填入空白处。
put tell visit buy get collect take swim enjoy leave look Angela is going to take a holiday in Qingdao tomorrow. She is very happy. Before ________, she has a lot to do. First, she has to ________ everything she needs in her bag. After that, she is going to the shop because she would like ________ a new dress. Her old one doesn't ________ nice. She is going to buy a camera too. She wants to take lots of photos.
When Angela ________ to Qingdao, she is going to the beach first. She likes ________ different shells (贝壳) on the beach. And she is going to ________ in the sea. Tomorrow she is going to see a movie at the cinema. And she plans ________ some museums (博物馆), she hopes she can ________ herself during the holiday.
After she comes back, she is going to write an email to her best friend John. She wants ________ him about her holiday.
【答案】 leaving;put;to buy;look;gets;collecting / to collect;swim;to visit;enjoy;to tell
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Angela明天去青岛旅行,她在旅行前、旅行中及旅行后做的事情。
put放;tell告诉;visit参观;buy买;get得到;collect收集;take带走;swim游泳;enjoy喜欢;leave离开;look看起来
(1)句意:在离开前她有许多事情要做。讲的是离开前,before是介词,后面用动词ing,leave的ing是leaving,故填leaving。
(2)句意:她不得不把她需要的所有东西放在她包里。put...in...,把……放在……have to do sth.不得不做某事,故填put。
(3)句意:因为她想要买一件新的裙子。would like to do,想要做某事,故填to buy。 (4)句意:她的旧的看起来不漂亮。nice是形容词,前面用系动词,看起来漂亮look nice,doesn't后面用动词原形,故填look。
(5)句意:当Angela到达青岛时。get to+地点名词,到达某地,时态是一般现在时,主语是单数Angela,所以get用单三gets,故填gets。
(6)句意:她喜欢沙滩上收集不同的贝壳。collect shells,收集贝壳,like doing sth./to do sth.喜欢做某事,collect的ing是collecting,故填collecting/to collect。
(7)句意:她将去海里游泳。swim in the sea,在海里游泳,be going to do将要做某事,故填swim。
(8)句意:她计划参观一些博物馆。参观博物馆,visit museums,plan to do,计划做某事,故填to visit。
(9)句意:她希望她可以在假期间玩得高兴。enjoy oneself,玩得高兴,can后面用动词原形,故填enjoy。
(10)句意:她想告诉他关于她的假期。tell sb. about sth.,告诉某人关于某事,want to do sth.想要做某事,故填to tell。
【点评】考查选词填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
7.选词填空
play take think live minute (1)The bus ride usually________ about 30 minutes. (2)My aunt________25 kilometers from here. (3)I think I can learn________the piano. (4)Can you________about my idea(主意)? (5)It's five________walk. 【答案】 (1)takes (2)lives (3)to play (4)think (5)minutes'
【解析】【分析】play玩耍 take花费 think思考 live居住 minute分钟
(1)句意:乘坐汽车一般花费大约30分钟。根据句子提到bus和时间,可知空缺的意义为花费,结合主语为bus,单数,可知谓语用单三,填入takes,花费,故答案为takes。 (2)句意:我的姑姑住在离这里25公里。根据句子提到姑姑和25公里,可知空缺的意义为居住,结合主语为aunt,可知谓语用单三,填入lives,居住,动词,故答案为lives。 (3)句意:我认为我可以学会钢琴。根据句子提到学习和钢琴,可知空缺的意义为学会弹钢琴,结合短语learn to do sth,学会做某事,可知空缺填入to play,故答案为to play。 (4)句意:你能够想到我的注意吗?根据句子提到主语和介词about,可知空缺的意义想到,结合can后面加动词原形,短语think about思考,可知空缺填入think。
(5)句意:它需要走5分钟。根据句子提到five和walk,可知意义为5分钟步行,结合短语five minutes' walk,走5分钟,可知空缺填入minutes',故答案为minutes'。 【点评】考查选词填空, 考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力, 答题时首先要通过空格通读文章掌握大意,细读文章, 逐一作答,注意考虑句型, 语法,搭配,语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。
8.选词填空
fun know quick dress go (1)Don't run________ after eating.
(2)Mary________to school at eight o'clock. (3)Do you want________about my morning? (4)That's a ________time to make breakfast! (5)They usually get________at seven. 【答案】 (1)quickly (2)goes (3)to know (4)funny (5)dressed
【解析】【分析】fun愉快的,know知道,quick快速的,dress衣服,go去
(1)句意:吃东西后不要快速奔跑。根据空缺处修饰run,可知应该填入动词副词形式,故答案为quickly。
(2)句意:玛丽8点去学校。根据主语为Mary,可知谓语用单三,填入goes,短语,go to school,去学校,故答案为goes。
(3)句意:你想知道关于我早上的事情吗?根据短语want to do sth,想做某事,可知空缺填入to know,故答案为to know。
(4)句意:做早饭是一个很愉快的事情。根据空缺修饰time,可知应该填入形容词,故答案为funny。
(5)句意;他们通常7点穿衣服。根据短语get dressed,穿衣服,可知空缺填入dressed,故答案为dressed。
【点评】考查了选词填空,结合句子前后,确定空缺单词,结合语法知识,给出单词的正确形式,即可。
9.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。 tooth afraid practice hundred music (1)Don't forget to brush your ________ in the morning. (2)Jenny is ________of all the ugly animals.
(3)It takes me thirty minutes ________ English every day. (4)We want two ________ for our school party. (5)There are about six ________ people in Grade Eight. 【答案】 (1)teeth (2)afraid (3)to practice (4)musicians (5)hundred
【解析】【分析】 tooth牙齿;afraid害怕;practice练习;hundred百;music音乐。 (1)句意:早起,不要忘了刷牙。刷牙,brush teeth,固定搭配,故填teeth。 (2)句意:詹妮害怕难看的动物。害怕,be afraid of,固定搭配,故答案是afraid。 (3)句意:每天练习英语花费我三十分钟。It takes sb. some time to do sth。因此使用
动词不定式to practice,故填practice。
(4)句意:我们学校的音乐会需要两名乐师。根据 school party 可知需要的乐师,musician,根据数词two可知,应使用复数形式。故填musicians。
(5)句意:八年级大约有六百人。百,hundred,数字后直接使用单数形式,故填hundred。
【点评】考查单词在语境中的具体运用。注意识记常用的固定搭配。
10.选择合适的短语填空。
fly a kite,in the swimming pool,anything interesting,have dinner,go to the library (1)In the morning Lisa________and got some books. (2)Is there________in today's newspaper? (3)Look! A ball is________. (4)一Is your brother playing in the park? 一Yes.He's________ there.
(5)There's no food at home.We have to________outside. 【答案】(1)went to the library (2)anything interesting (3)in the swimming pool (4)flying a kite (5)have dinner 【解析】【分析】
(1)根据后半句 and got some books 可以推断应该是“去图书馆”,故选 go to the library,got 是过去式,为了保持时态一致,动词 go 也用过去式 went,故填 went to the library。句意是:早上 Lisa 去了图书馆借了一些书。
(2)根据句意“今天的报纸上有些有趣的东西吗”可知选择短语 anything interesting。 (3)根据句意“看!游泳池i有个球。”可知选择短语 in the swimming pool。
(4)问句 Is your brother playing in the park? 意思是“你弟弟正在公园里玩吗?”,是现在进行时的句子,故选择短语 fly a kite,并用现在进行时 flying a kite 填空,意思是“是的,他正在那里放风筝。”
(5)根据上文 There's no food at home.的意思“家里没有吃的了”,可以推断“我们不得不去外面吃饭”,故选have dinner。
【点评】选词填空一直是英语考试中的难点,得分率比较低。解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据句子上下文推断出词义,结合所给单词判断出所缺单词,然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分,所起作用,进行适当词形变化。
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