您的当前位置:首页正文

SQL查询面试题与答案

2023-05-24 来源:我们爱旅游
 SQL查询面试题与答案

SQL语言是一种数据库查询和程序设计语言,用于存取数据以及查询、更新和管理关系数据库系统;同时也是数据库脚本文件的扩展名。下面是小编搜集的SQL查询题与答案,欢迎大家阅读。

SQL查询面试题与答案一

1.一道SQL语句面试题,关于group by表内容:

2005-05-09 胜

2005-05-09 胜

1

2005-05-09 负

2005-05-09 负

2005-05-10 胜

2005-05-10 负

2005-05-10 负

如果要生成下列结果, 该如何写sql语句? 胜 负

2

2005-05-09 2 2

2005-05-10 1 2

------------------------------------------

create table #tmp(rq varchar(10),shengfu nchar(1))

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-09 , 胜 )

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-09 , 胜 )

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-09 , 负 )

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-09 , 负 )

3

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-10 , 胜 )

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-10 , 负 )

insert into #tmp values( 2005-05-10 , 负 )

1)select rq, sum(case when shengfu= 胜 then 1 else 0 end) 胜 ,sum(case when shengfu= 负 then 1 else 0 end) 负 from #tmp group by rq

2) select N.rq,N.勝,M.負 from (

select rq,勝=count(*) from #tmp where shengfu= 胜 group by rq)N inner join

4

(select rq,負=count(*) from #tmp where shengfu= 负 group by rq)M on N.rq=M.rq

3)select a.col001,a.a1 胜,b.b1 负 from

(select col001,count(col001) a1 from temp1 col002= 胜 group by col001) a,

(select col001,count(col001) b1 from temp1 col002= 负 group by col001) b

where a.col001=b.col001

2.请教一个面试中遇到的SQL语句的查询问题

5

where where 表中有A B C三列,用SQL语句实现:当A列大于B列时选择A列否则选择B列,当B列大于C列时选择B列否则选择C列。

------------------------------------------

select (case when a b then a else b end ),

(case when b c then b esle c end)

from table_name

3.面试题:一个日期判断的sql语句?

请取出tb_send表中日期(SendTime字段)为当天的所有记录?(SendTime字段为datetime型,包含日期与时间)

6

------------------------------------------ select

*

from

tb

where

datediff(dd,SendTime,getdate())=0

4.有一张表,里面有3个字段:语文,数学,英语。其中有3条记录分别表示语文70分,数学80分,英语58分,请用一条sql语句查询出这三条记录并按以下条件显示出来(并写出您的思路):

大于或等于80表示优秀,大于或等于60表示及格,小于60分表示不及格。

显示格式:

语文 数学 英语

7

及格 优秀 不及格

------------------------------------------ select

(case when 语文 =80 then 优秀

when 语文 =60 then 及格

else 不及格 ) as 语文,

(case when 数学 =80 then 优秀

8

when 数学 =60 then 及格

else 不及格 ) as 数学,

(case when 英语 =80 then 优秀

when 英语 =60 then 及格

else 不及格 ) as 英语,

from table

5.在sqlserver2000中请用sql创建一张用户临时表和系统临时表,里面包含两个字段ID和IDValues,类型都是int型,并解释下两者的区别?

9

------------------------------------------

用户临时表:create table #xx(ID int, IDValues int)

系统临时表:create table ##xx(ID int, IDValues int) 区别:

用户临时表只对创建这个表的用户的Session可见,对其他进程是不可见的.

当创建它的进程消失时这个临时表就自动删除.

全局临时表对整个SQL Server实例都可见,但是所有访问它的Session都消失的时候,它也自动删除.

10

6.sqlserver2000是一种大型数据库,他的存储容量只受存储介质的限制,请问它是通过什么方式实现这种无限容量机制的。

------------------------------------------

它的所有数据都存储在数据文件中(*.dbf),所以只要文件够大,SQL Server的存储容量是可以扩大的.

SQL Server 2000 数据库有三种类型的文件:

主要数据文件

主要数据文件是数据库的起点,指向数据库中文件的其它部分。每个数据库都有一个主要数据文件。主要数据文件的推荐文件扩展名是 .mdf。

11

次要数据文件

次要数据文件包含除主要数据文件外的所有数据文件。有些数据库可能没有次要数据文件,而有些数据库则有多个次要数据文件。次要数据文件的推荐文件扩展名是 .ndf。

日志文件

日志文件包含恢复数据库所需的所有日志信息。每个数据库必须至少有一个日志文件,但可以不止一个。日志文件的推荐文件扩展名是 .ldf。

7.请用一个sql语句得出结果

从table1,table2中取出如table3所列格式数据,注意提供的

12

数据及结果不准确,只是作为一个格式向大家请教。

如使用存储过程也可以。 table1

月份mon 部门dep 业绩yj

-------------------------------

一月份 01 10

一月份 02 10

一月份 03 5

13

二月份 02 8

二月份 04 9

三月份 03 8 table2

部门dep 部门名称dname

--------------------------------

01 国内业务一部

14

02 国内业务二部

03 国内业务三部

04 国际业务部

table3 (result)

部门dep 一月份 二月份 三月份

--------------------------------------

01 10 null null

15

02 10 8 null

03 null 5 8

04 null null 9

------------------------------------------ 1)

select a.部门名称dname,b.业绩yj as 一月份 ,c.业绩yj as 二月份 ,d.业绩yj as 三月份

from table1 a,table2 b,table2 c,table2 d

16

where a.部门dep = b.部门dep and b.月份mon = 一月份 and

a.部门dep = c.部门dep and c.月份mon = 二月份 and

a.部门dep = d.部门dep and d.月份mon = 三月份 and 2)

select a.dep,

sum(case when b.mon=1 then b.yj else 0 end) as 一月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=2 then b.yj else 0 end) as 二月份 ,

17

sum(case when b.mon=3 then b.yj else 0 end) as 三月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=4 then b.yj else 0 end) as 四月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=5 then b.yj else 0 end) as 五月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=6 then b.yj else 0 end) as 六月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=7 then b.yj else 0 end) as 七月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=8 then b.yj else 0 end) as 八月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=9 then b.yj else 0 end) as 九月份 ,

18

sum(case when b.mon=10 then b.yj else 0 end) as 十月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=11 then b.yj else 0 end) as 十一月份 ,

sum(case when b.mon=12 then b.yj else 0 end) as 十二月份 ,

from table2 a left join table1 b on a.dep=b.dep

8.华为一道面试题

一个表中的Id有多个记录,把所有这个id的记录查出来,并显示共有多少条记录数。

19

------------------------------------------

select id, Count(*) from tb group by id having count(*) 1

select * from(select count(ID) as count from table group by ID)T where T.count 1

SQL查询面试题与答案二

1、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示

SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩

FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z

20

where T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T#

GROUP BY C.C#

ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC

2、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)

[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩

SELECT DISTINCT top 3

SC.S# As 学生学号,

21

Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,

T1.score AS 企业管理,

T2.score AS 马克思,

T3.score AS UML,

T4.score AS 数据库,

ISNULL(T1.score,0)

+

ISNULL(T2.score,0)

ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分

FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1

22

+

ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 001

LEFT JOIN SC AS T2

ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 002

LEFT JOIN SC AS T3

ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 003

LEFT JOIN SC AS T4

ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 004

23

WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and

ISNULL(T1.score,0)

+

ISNULL(T2.score,0)

ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)

NOT IN

(SELECT

DISTINCT

TOP 15 WITH TIES

ISNULL(T1.score,0)

+

ISNULL(T2.score,0)

ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)

24

+

+

FROM sc

LEFT JOIN sc AS T1

ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = k1

LEFT JOIN sc AS T2

ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = k2

LEFT JOIN sc AS T3

ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = k3

25

LEFT JOIN sc AS T4

ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = k4

ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);

3、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ 60]

SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称

,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]

26

,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]

,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]

,SUM(CASE WHEN score 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]

FROM SC,Course

where SC.C#=Course.C#

GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname;

4、查询学生平均成绩及其名次

27

SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)

FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩

FROM SC

GROUP BY S# ) AS T1

WHERE 平均成绩 T2.平均成绩) as 名次,

S# as 学生学号,平均成绩

28

FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩

FROM SC

GROUP BY S# ) AS T2

ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;

5、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)

SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数

29

FROM SC t1

WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score

FROM SC

WHERE t1.C#= C#

ORDER BY score DESC )

ORDER BY t1.C#;

6、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

30

select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#;

7、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数

from SC ,Student

where SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1;

8、查询课程编号 002 的成绩比课程编号 001 课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;

31

Select S#,Sname from (select

Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#= 002 ) score2

from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#= 001 ) S_2 where score2

9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;

select S#,Sname

from Student

where S# not in (select Student.S# from Student,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score

32

10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;

select Student.S#,Student.Sname

from Student,SC where

Student.S#=SC.S#

group

by

Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) (select count(C#) from Course);

11、查询至少有一门课与学号为 1001 的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;

select

S#,Sname

from

Student,SC

where

Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in select C# from SC where S#= 1001

33

12、查询至少学过学号为 001 同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;

select distinct SC.S#,Sname

from Student,SC

where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#= 001

13、把 SC 表中 叶平 老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;

update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)

34

from SC SC_2

where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C#

and

Course.T#=Teacher.T#

and

Teacher.Tname= 叶平

14、查询和 1002 号的同学的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;

select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#= 1002 )

group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#= 1002

15、删除学习 叶平 老师课的SC表记录;

35

Delect SC

from course ,Teacher

where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname= 叶平

16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号 003 课程的同学学号、2、

号课的平均成绩;

Insert SC select S#, 002 ,(Select avg(score)

36

from SC where C#= 002 ) from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#= 002

17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的 数据库 、 企业管理 、 英语 三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分

SELECT S# as 学生ID

,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#= 004 ) AS 数据库

,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#= 001 ) AS 企业管理

,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#= 006 ) AS 英语

37

,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩

FROM SC AS t

GROUP BY S#

ORDER BY avg(t.score)

18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分

SELECT L.C# As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分

38

FROM SC L ,SC AS R

WHERE L.C# = R.C# and

L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)

FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM

WHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S#

GROUP BY IL.C#) AND

R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)

39

FROM SC AS IR

WHERE R.C# = IR.C#

GROUP BY IR.C# );

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序

SELECT t.C# AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩

,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0) =60 THEN 1 ELSE

40

0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数

FROM SC T,Course

where t.C#=course.C#

GROUP BY t.C#

ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0) =60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC

20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用 1行 显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO UML (003),数据库(004)

SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 001 THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN 001 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业

41

管理平均分

,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 001 AND score = 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 001 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数

,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 002 THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN 002 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分

,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 002 AND score = 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 002 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数

,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 003 THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN 003 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分

42

,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 003 AND score = 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 003 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数

,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 004 THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN 004 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分

,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 004 AND score = 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = 004 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数

FROM SC

43

因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容