阅读理解B
Have you ever heard of India? It is said that from old times, India has been a good friend to China. It is an interesting and mysterious country with a long history. Around 2，000 BC, Indian civilization was born. It is one of the four oldest civilizations in the world.
India is also the birthplace of Buddhism(佛教). A famous Chinese novel, Journey to the West, is about a Chinese monk who tried very hard to learn about Buddhism from India. The book comes from a true story. Xuanzang, a Buddhist monk, was sent to India by the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. After many years, he brought back lots of Buddhist books. The name “India” was first used by Xuanzang in his works.
Today, religion is still an important part of Indian culture. There are many religions there. Most Indian people believe in Hinduism(印度教). In India, cows are very special animals because Hinduism says they are holy, so Indians don't sell or eat beef.
Like China, India is a developing country with a large population. It has about 1.03 billion people compared to China's 1.3 billion. More than two thirds of the Indians still live a poor life in the countryside. India has no birth control so its population is growing fast. By 2030, India could even have more people than China.
Hindi(印地语) is the mother tongue of Indian people. But Britain occupied India in 1757 and stayed there until 1947. Because of this, English slowly became the other official language.
1. Indian civilization began________．
A. around 2000 BC B. before China C. in Tang Dynasty D. not long ago 2. Indians don't sell or eat beef because________．
A. they don't like the cow's meat
B. they are afraid of getting ill from it C. they regard cows as holy animals D. it is very expensive in India
3. The underlined word“religion” here means “________” in Chinese.
A. 饮食 B. 宗教 C. 舞蹈 D. 神牛 4. The official language(s) of India is (are)________．
A. Hindi B. English C. Chinese D. Hindi and English 5. From the passage above we know that________．
A. India is a country with a long history B. Half of the Indians live a hard life
C. Journey to the West is about an Indian monk D. India has more people than China now
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度的基本信息。首先提到印度漫长的历史，然后提到印度的宗教、文化、人口和官方语言等信息。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：印度文明始于________。A项：大约公元前2000年；B项：在中国之前；C项：在唐朝；D项：不久以前。根据第一段倒数第二句“Around 2，000 BC, Indian civilization was born.”可知选A。
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2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：印度人不卖也不吃牛肉是因为________。A项：他们不喜欢奶牛的肉；B项：他们害怕从牛肉感染疾病；C项：他们认为牛是神圣的动物；D项：牛肉在印度是非常贵的。根据第三段第四句“In India, cows are very special animals because Hinduism says they are holy...”可知选C。 3. B 【解析】猜测词义题。题干意为：划线单词“religion”在这里的汉语意思是________。根据第三段第三句“Most Indian people believe in Hinduism(印度教)．”可推知划线单词是“宗教”的意思。故选B。 4. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：印度的官方语言是________。A项：印地语；B项：英语；C项：汉语；D项：印地语和英语。根据最后一段第一句“Hindi(印地语) is the mother tongue of Indian people.”和最后一句“Because of this, English slowly became the other official language.”可知选D。
5. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从上面这篇文章中我们知道________。A项：印度是一个具有悠久历史的国家；B项：有一半印度人过着艰难的生活；C项：《西游记》是关于一位印度僧人(的小说)；D项：印度现在的人口数量比中国多。根据第一段最后一句话“It is one of the four oldest civilizations in the world.”可知选A。
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