完形填空
解题四步法原则：
第一步：跳读。带着空格通读全文，了解短文大意，判别短文文体，同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。
第二步：选答。这一步最为关键，要求考生对每一道题进行认真推敲，但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题，对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去，遵循先易后难的解题原则。 第三步：推敲。这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短文的篇章作通盘考虑，把其中一些需要依据上下文语境来考虑的比较难解答的题，以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关联较强的认真推敲，甄别，筛选和抉择。
第四步：复查。这是解答这类题的最后一步，要求考生解完题之后务必再把文章通读一遍，从整体上准确把握文章的真正意思，及时修改与全文有出入的一些选项。
在发掘完形填空题的考点规律之前，考生首先要正确认识以下几点。 第一，答题时间可以长达15~18分钟，考生在训练时可以控制时间。 第二，一定要用2~3分钟的时间进行缺词的情况下的整体阅读，弄清楚文章大意和基本脉络后再逐个填空。不要只是大致浏览，而是一定要理清文章脉络。
第三，细读首句。完形填空题的首句不设空，一般是文章的中心句。
第四，答题时，不要盯着选项看。真正需要考生一一分析选项的考点只有词汇辨析题实例解读·
（2011年全国Ⅰ卷）In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1course about 20years ago.
The professor 2the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. A fret 4shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 5answer, and went on saying, ―You have just 6 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 7 your own senses.‖
Twenty years later, the 8could guess what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 10 into an unknowns world invisible（无形的）to the 11, which can be discovered only through scientific 12 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13the invitation. She was just 14 to understand the world .And she 15that her firsthand experience could be the 16 . The professor, however, said that it was 17 . He was taking away her only 18for knowing and was providing her with no substitute（替代）. ―I remember feeling small and 19.‖ The woman says, ―and I did the only thing I could do. I 20the course the afternoon, and I haven‘t gone near science since.‖ ◆上下文 1．A．artB．historyC. science D. math
■词汇辨析2．A．searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into（步入） ◆上下文 3．A．countB. guess C. report D. watch
◆上下文 4．A．warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to ▲常识推理5．A．readyB. possible C. correct D. difficult ●固定搭配6．A．1earned B. preparedC. taught D. taken ◆上下文 7．A．1ose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken
◆上下文 8．A．1ecturer B. scientist C. speakerD. woman ●固定搭配9．A．described B. respectedC. saw D. served
■词汇辨析10．A．voyageB. movement C. change D. rush
▲常识推理 11．A. professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light ■词汇辨析12．A．model B．senses C．spiritD．methods ◆上下文 13．A．hear B. makeC．present D．refuse
▼逻辑推理 14．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretendingD．waiting ▼逻辑推理 15．A．believed B．doubtedC. provedD．explained ▼逻辑推理 16．A．growth B．strengthC．faith D．truth
▼逻辑推理17．A．firm B. interesting C．wrong D．acceptable ■词汇辨析18．A．task B．toolC．success D．connection ▼逻辑推理19．A．cruel B．proud C．frightenedD．brave ■词汇辨析20．A．droppedB．started C．passedD．missed
1-5 CDBDC 6-10 ABDCA 11-15BDABA 16-20 DCBCA （一）
In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory l course about 20 years ago.
The professor got through the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to 2 how many beans the jar contained. After listening to shouts of wildly wrong guesses, the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 3 answer, and went on saying, ―You have just 4 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 5 your own senses.‖ Twenty years later, the 6 could guess what the professor had in mind. He saw himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 7 into an unknown world.
Invisible to the 8 , which can be discovered only through scientific 9 , But the seventeen—year—old girl could not accept or even 10 the invitation. She was just 11 to understand the world. And she 12 that her first-hand experience could be the 13 . The professor, however, said that it was 14 . He was taking away her only tool for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. ―I remember feeling small and 15 ,‖the women says, ―and I did the only thing I could do. I dropped the course that afternoon, and I haven‘t gone near science since. ‖ 1. A. art B. history C. science D. math 2. A. count B. guess C. report D. watch 3. A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 4. A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 5. A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show 6. A. lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 7. A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 8. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light 9. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods 10. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse 11. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting 12. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained 13. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth 14. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable 15. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave
1-5 CBCAB 6-10 DABDA 11-15 BADCC
语法填空
三个解题步骤
(1)通读全文，了解大意。步骤：概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查
既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，了解全文大意，这一步非常重要。 （2）分析思路
词法—句法—篇章—惯用法 (3)试填空格，先易后难。
读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语境(也就是上下文)，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。 (4)重读全文，解决难题。
在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。
（5）通读全文,理解大意；检查搭配, 前后连贯；根据篇章, 确定语义；分析句子,确定词性；
语法填空的答题过程归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。
(一)
Mr. Jones woke early one morning. It was a beautiful morning, so 16 _____ went to the window and looked out. He was surprised to see a neatly dressed, middle-aged professor, 17 _____ worked in the university near his house. He had grey hair and thick glasses, and was carrying 18 _____ umbrella, a morning newspaper and a bag. Mr. Jones thought that he must 19 _____ (arrive) by the night train and decided to walk to the university instead of 20 _____ (take) a taxi.
Mr. Jones had a big tree in his garden, and the children had tied a long rope to one of its branches, so that they could swing on it.
Mr. Jones was surprised to see the professor stop and look 21 _____ (care) up and down the road . 22 _____ he saw that there was nobody in sight, he stepped into the ga rden (there was no fence), put his umbrella, newspaper, bag and hat neatly on the grass and took hold of the rope. He pulled it hard 23 _____ (see) whether it was strong enough to take his weight, then 24 _____ (run) as fast as he could and swung into the air on the end of the rope.'
At last the professor stopped and continued on his way 25 _____ the university, looking as quiet and correct as one would expect a professor to be.
16. he 17. who 18. an 19. have arrived 20. taking 21. carefully 22. When 13. to see 24. ran 25. to
（二）
While many young people were enjoying the final weeks of summer vacation, Zach Bonner was working his hardest. According to the St. Petersburg Times, Zach started walking from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, on Christmas, 2009, and stepped over the Los Angeles city line nine months later in September, covering a total of 2,478 miles 16 _____ raising close to $120,000 for kids in need. Along the way, Zach attended school online, thanks to his mother, Laurie Bonner, and brother and sister 17 _____ alternated walking and driving alongside him. Despite 18 _____ age, Zach has a long history of helping others. 19 _____ Hurricane Charley hit his hometown in 2004，Zach，then six, pulled a wagon through his neighborhood 20_______(collect) food for storm victims. Since then, he 21 _____ (raise) some $400,000 for his tax-exempt Little Red Wagon Foundation, 22______ gives money to projects aiding 23 _____ (home) and troubled children. In 2007，Zach began walking to support a children's charity in Florida, 24 _____ (finish) his journey 23 days later, 280 miles away in Tallahassee. Then 25 _____ the summer of 2009，he walked about 670 miles from Atlanta to Washington, D.C., in just two months. What really keeps me going is 26 _____ kids,\" Zach has said. \"They don't get to say, ‗I'm tired of being homeless.' So why should I get to quit?\"
16.______17. _______18. _______ 19. _______ 20. _______ 21. _______ 22. _______ 23. _______ 24. ______25. _______ 26. _______(赠送一个空，希望做对)
语法填空：
16.and 17.who 18.his 19.When 20. collecting
21.has raised 22.which 23.homeless 24.finishing 25.in 26. these
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