Unit 5 Canada— “The True North”
李仕才
【短文语法填空】
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York.
Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).
She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。 61. resting
62. a
【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填a。 63. was told / has been told
精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料 64. who
【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。 65. to prove
【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。 66. education
【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。 67. invitations
【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。 68. in
【解析】考查介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。 69. comes
【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。 70. certainly
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。
measure vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定 n．计量单位；措施
(1)measure...by...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算
(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 take measures against sth.采取措施防范某事
take sb’s measure＝take the measure of sb.给某人量尺寸 in some measure在某种程度上
①(教材原句)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那里的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。
②(2016·北京卷)“Although these measures (measure) are not effective forever，they are vital for now，”he says. 精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料
他说：“虽然这些措施不会永远有效，但他们现在很重要。”
③The government warned that police would take tougher measures to_contain (contain) the terrorist attacks.
政府警告说，警方将采取更为强硬的措施来遏制恐怖袭击。
confirm vt.证实；证明；确定，确认；批准 (1)confirm one’s belief 坚定信念
confirm sb.in belief/opinion/theory 使某人确信某信念/观点/理论 confirm a contract 批准合同
confirm sth./that/whether...证实…… It has been confirmed that...已经确定…… (2)confirmation n．证实；确认；批准 (3)confirmed adj.证实的；惯常的
①(教材原句)．..and there was frost on the ground，confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.
……地上有霜，证明秋天已经来到加拿大了。
②Earlier reports were unable to_confirm (confirm)that there were any survivors. 早先的报道无法证实是否有幸存者。
③The Defence Ministry refused to confirm whether the information was true. 国防部拒绝证实此消息是否属实。
distance n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远 v．不介入，与……疏远 (1)in the distance 在远处
at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远 from a distance 由远处
keep sb.at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远 keep your distance from 与……保持距离 (2)distance oneself from...不介入；与……疏远 (3)distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的
①(教材原句)In the distance，they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.
远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。 ②The picture looks better at a distance. 这幅画远点看更佳。
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精品K12教育教学资料
③I could see the bus coming from a distance. 我能看见公共汽车正从远处开来。
④(2015·浙江卷)Farther in the distance (distant)，I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.
隔着很远的一段距离，我欣赏不到雪山的美景。
impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 (1)impress sth.on/upon sb.
＝impress sb.with sth.使某人铭记某事物 be impressed by/with/at 对……印象深刻
be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在脑海里 It impresses sb.that...令人佩服的是…… (2)impression n．印象；感想
have/leave/make/create a(n)．..impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象 have/get the impression that...有……的印象 (3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 ①(教材原句)What impressed you? 是什么给了你深刻印象？
②My father impressed on me the value of hard work. ＝My father impressed me with the value of hard work. 我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。
③(2016·上海卷)I was so impressed (impress) by how selfless she was. 她那么的无私我印象深刻。 ④语境填词
Shenzhen impresses (impress) tourists from home and abroad.First，they have a good impression (impress) on the city’s road and traffic.Besides，the city impresses (impress)its friendliness and hospitality upon/on their mind.Above all，many places of interest in this city are very impressive (impress)，such as Window of the World，the Happy Valley and so on.
⑤单句语法填空(2017·浙江卷)He was impressed(impress) with Benjamin’s 精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料 drawings. 【七选五】
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A. It all depends on your character.
B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. 精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。 1.F 【解析】选项F中的＂weigh risks and rewards＂与上文的＂weigh the risk and the
reward＂相呼应，故F项符合语境。
2.C 【解析】选项C中的＂Being better at those things＂与上文的＂were better at
hunting, fighting, or exploring＂相呼应，因此选C。
3.A 【解析】前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A
项＂这完全是由你的性格决定的＂符合语境。
4.E 【解析】根据上文的＂your willingness...teenage years＂及下文的＂hunger for
new experiences...＂可知E项符合语境。
5.G 【解析】根据空后的＂For the risk-seekers...becomes active＂可知，此处讲的
是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反应，故G项符合语境。
catch sight of 看见；瞥见 at first sight 第一眼就；乍看之下 at the sight of 一看见 in sight 在看得见的范围内 out of sight 在看不见的地方
come in/into sight 进入视线，映入眼帘 lose one’s sight 丧失视力 have good/poor sight 视力好/差
①(教材原句)They managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了大灰熊和一只鹰。
②(朗文P1906)We stood at the window until the car came in/into sight. 我们站在窗前，直到看见他们的车子。
③At first sight their demands seemed reasonable. 精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料
乍看起来，他们的要求似乎满合理的。
manage to do 设法做 manage sb.设法对付某人 manage sth.经营/管理…… manage it 能做到 try to do sth.努力做某事
①(教材原句)They managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了大灰熊和一只鹰。 ②She knows how to_manage (manage) him when he’s angry. 她知道他生气时如何对付他。
③He managed to_pass (pass) the exam. 他设法通过了考试。
have a gift for 对……有天赋
have the gift to do sth.
对……有天赋； 有做某事的才能
be gifted in/have a talent for 对……有天赋 a man of many gifts 多才多艺的人
have an eye for sth.对……有鉴赏力或识别力
①(教材原句)Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.
他们许多人都有骑马的天赋，都能赢得几千美元的奖金。 ②Her little girl is_gifted (gift) in music. 她的小女儿有音乐天赋。
③He has a gift for language，while his sister is a gifted (gift) pianist. 他有语言天赋而他的妹妹是一个有天赋的钢琴家。
as far as 远到，直至，至于
as far as sb./sth.is concerned 就某人/物而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及(1)
as far as I can see 依我看as far as I know 据我所知
as/so far as it goes 就现状来说
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as/so far as...达到……的程度；尽……；就……
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as/so long as 只要
(2)as much/many as...多达……，达到……之多 as soon as...一……就……(3)by far 到目前为止 so far 迄今为止
far from 远离；远非；一点也不 go too far 开玩笑开得过火
①(教材原句)It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa，Canada’s capital. 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。 ②I’m far from pleased with your behaviour. 我对你的表现很不满意。
③Standing here，you can see as far as the foot of the hill. 站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。
④Besides，as far as he was_concerned (concern)，what other people thought was not the most important thing.
此外，依他之见，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
⑤单句语法填空(2017·北京卷)Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. 【短文改错】
Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War Ⅱ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.
【答案】
Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworksinterestedreduce.However, some activities indeed contribute to the homeworkinterestingreducingthepressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized
anshootsetting
activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in shotset精品K12教育教学资料
精品K12教育教学资料
that
World War Ⅱ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good
whichor
lesson that taught ﹨to me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now and∧
I am more determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future. 第一处：homeworks→homework。考查名词。homework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。 第二处：interested→interesting。考查形容词。interesting修饰物，意为“有趣的”；根据该句中的名词activities可知答案；interested修饰人，意为“感兴趣的”。 第三处：reduce→reducing。考查动名词。该句中短语“contribute to”中的to为介词，后接动名词。
第四处：the→an。考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一次活动”，故用不定冠词。 第五处：shoot→shot。考查动词的时态。根据该句的时间状语“Last week”可知，该句陈述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
第六处：setting→set。考查过去分词。a story和set之间为动宾关系，表示“以二战为背景的故事”，故用过去分词作后置定语。
第七处：that→which。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的a story，在从句中作主语，故用which。
第八处：删除to。考查固定用法。teach为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.为固定用法，意为“教某人……”。
第九处：or改为and。考查连词。该处表示在学习和放松之间取得平衡。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。
第十处：在am后加more。考查比较级。根据该句中的than可知，该处应用比较级。
Rather_than_take the aeroplane all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver
and then take the train from west to east across Canada.
她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。 rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，后接名词，代词，形容词，副词，ing形式或不定式。
(1)would rather(not)do 宁愿(不)做……
would rather do...than do...would do...rather than do...
宁愿……而
不愿……/与其……
rather than do...would do...
倒不如……prefer to do...rather than do...
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精品K12教育教学资料
would rather或将来事实相反虚拟(2) ＋从句用过去完成时，表示与过去
虚拟
事实相反
用过去时，表示与现在
(3)would rather have done 本来想……而未实现 other than 除了……
(4)or rather 更确切地说 more than 不仅仅；超过；非常
①I always prefer to_start (start) early，rather than leave everything to the last minute.
我总是愿意早开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。
②I would rather stay at home than go shopping on such a humid day. 在这样潮湿的天气里，我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿去购物。 ③I would rather(that)you hadn’t_done(do)that thing. 我宁愿你没做那件事。
rather than连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式以及动词等。但注意以下几点：
(1)rather than 连接两个并列不定式时，rather than之后的不定式可省略to。 (2)rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
④They said the director，rather than the clerks，was (be) responsible for the incident.
他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。
⑤单句语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more_than 170 wolves.
It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，
some_measuring_over_90_metres.
那儿的湿度很大，树木极高，有些树的高度超过90米。
some measuring over 90 metres为独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
独立主格结构在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等。其构成方式如下： (1)名词(代词)＋现在分词 (2)名词(代词)＋过去分词 (3)名词(代词)＋不定式
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精品K12教育教学资料 (4)名词(代词)＋副词
①He lay there，his teeth set，his eyes looking (look) straight up. 他躺在那儿，牙关紧闭，两眼直视上方。(表方式)
②There being (be) no bus，we had to go home on foot.(表原因) 没有公共汽车了，我们不得不步行回家。
③Many trees，flowers，and grass to_be_planted (plant)，our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。(表原因) ④The meeting over，our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。(表时间)
⑤(2015·江苏卷)Much time spent (spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
长时间伏案工作，很多上班族都会受到健康问题的困扰。 【阅读理解】
Captain John Bunch loves to go fishing. In fact, Bunch loves fishing so much that he became a professional fishing guide decades ago and has remained one ever since. There is something, however, that Bunch loves even more. That is his country and the men and women who join the army to protect it. Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid.
And Bunch’s efforts to give back to those who have served their nation go even much further. Inspired by that fishing trip 11 years ago, he founded Operation Open Arms, which has since helped nearly 3 400 US troops and given out more than $12 million in direct benefits with his charity. Operation Open Arms also provides free weddings, vacations, and more leisurely activities to veterans, and can rely on a network of over 300 businesses and individual partners to get former soldiers anything they might need upon returning home from army.
The former marine’s heartwarming generosity is a result of his own experiences in the military and the pride he has for his country. \"I do this because I love my country and I do this because America is the greatest country in the world,\" he told NBC’s Today Show. Bunch’s unwavering commitment goes so far that he once turned down
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精品K12教育教学资料
an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans. Even the military has recognized Bunch’s work of love, and earlier this year honored him and his organization with the Outstanding Civilian Service Award and the Army’s most prestigious civilian award. 1.What caused John Bunch to offer free fishing trips to veterans? A.A young soldier’s desire to go on a fishing trip. B. Working as a professional fishing guide. C. Having served in the army. D. Growing up in Florida.
2.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?
A. The achievements Operation Open Arms has made. B. How Operation Open Arms was founded. C. Activities Captain John Bunch has joined. D. The missions of Operation Open Arms.
3.Which can best describe John Bunch’s personality? A. Ambitious and talented. B. Responsible and patient. C. Honest and determined. D. Warm-hearted and generous.
4.John Bunch didn’t accept George W. Bush’s invitation because___. A. he thought little of him B. he didn’t want to see him
C. he had to take care of business D. he wanted to stay with veterans
【文章大意】钓鱼向导John Bunch不仅自己喜欢钓鱼，而且还为美国退伍军人安排很多次免费的钓鱼之旅，并为他们提供一些其他的福利。
1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的\"Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005,
who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid\"可知,2005年,Captain John Bunch遇上一个年轻的士兵，士兵说他希望退役前能来一次钓鱼之旅。此后，Captain John Bunch为退伍军人安排了1 200多次免费的钓鱼之旅。故此题选A。
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精品K12教育教学资料
3.D 【解析】推理判断题。从短文中John Bunch为退伍军人安排免费的钓鱼之旅,和\"provides
free weddings...\"等可知，John Bunch不仅友好，具有强烈的助人为乐精神,而且还成立慈善机构慷慨大方地帮助退伍军人。故选D。
4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的\"he once turned down an invitation from
then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans\"可知，John Bunch曾经拒绝布什总统的邀请是因为他事先计划要和退伍军人一起去钓鱼。
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